HDDS-10273. Intermittent build failure while downloading NodeJS

[adoroszlai]

What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This is the second attempt to fix intermittent failures caused by unreliable download from nodejs.org.

Changes from previous attempt (#6664, which was reverted):

1. Retry curl manually, because --retry does not seem to work if connection is closed during download (example).
2. Also store NodeJS in its own cache to reduce the need to download from nodejs.org.
3. Restored previous inline mvn command for populating the majority of the cache, only download of NodeJS is in separate shell script. This reduces change against master, makes it easier to test download of NodeJS separately, and simplifies RC handling a bit.
4. Avoid saving partial cache, because cache/save refuses to overwrite it on next run. In this case CI will use earlier versions of the cache.

https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HDDS-10273

How was this patch tested?

Successful run of populate-cache:
https://github.com/adoroszlai/ozone/actions/runs/9110100989/job/25044393656

Ozone build using cache from run above:

• Linux: https://github.com/adoroszlai/ozone/actions/runs/9110734497/job/25046368135#step:6:2699
• Mac: https://github.com/adoroszlai/ozone/actions/runs/9110734497/job/25047018432#step:7:2334

populate-cache for same set of POM files (cache hit):
https://github.com/adoroszlai/ozone/actions/runs/9111670296/job/25049278359

populate-cache with failure (induced by adding exit 1) does not save cache:
https://github.com/adoroszlai/ozone/actions/runs/9111209051/job/25047846517