python-wda

Facebook WebDriverAgent Python Client Library (not official) Implemented apis describe in https://github.com/facebook/WebDriverAgent/wiki/Queries

Most functions finished.

Since facebook/WebDriverAgent has been archived. Recommend use the forked WDA: https://github.com/appium/WebDriverAgent

Installation

1. You need to start WebDriverAgent by yourself

   Follow the instructions in https://github.com/appium/WebDriverAgent

   It is better to start with Xcode to prevent CodeSign issues.

   But it is also ok to start WDA with command line.

   xcodebuild -project WebDriverAgent.xcodeproj -scheme WebDriverAgentRunner -destination 'platform=iOS Simulator,name=iPhone 6' test
   

   WDA在真机上运行需要一些配置，可以参考这篇文章 ATX 文档 - iOS 真机如何安装 WebDriverAgent

   配置完之后运行下面的命令即可（需要用到Mac的密码，以及设备的UDID）

   # 解锁keychain，以便可以正常的签名应用
   security unlock-keychain -p $your-mac-password-here ~/Library/Keychains/login.keychain
   
   # 获取设备的UDID
   UDID=$(idevice_id -l | head -n1)
   
   # 运行测试
   xcodebuild -project WebDriverAgent.xcodeproj -scheme WebDriverAgentRunner -destination "id=$UDID" test

2. Install python wda client

   pip install -U facebook-wda
   

TCP connection over USB (optional)

You can use wifi network, it is very convinient, but not very stable enough.

I found a tools named iproxy which can forward device port to localhost, it's source code is here https://github.com/libimobiledevice/libusbmuxd

The usage is very simple iproxy <local port> <remote port> [udid]

Something you need to know

function window_size() return UIKit size, While screenshot() image size is Native Resolution

when use screenshot, the image size is pixels size. eg(1080 x 1920) But this size is different with c.session().window_size()

use session.scale to get UIKit scale factor

Configuration

import wda

wda.DEBUG = False # default False
wda.HTTP_TIMEOUT = 60.0 # default 60.0 seconds

How to use

Create a client

import wda

# Enable debug will see http Request and Response
# wda.DEBUG = True
c = wda.Client('http://localhost:8100')

# get env from $DEVICE_URL if no arguments pass to wda.Client
# http://localhost:8100 is the default value if $DEVICE_URL is empty
c = wda.Client()

A wda.WDAError will be raised if communite with WDA went wrong.

Client

# Show status
print c.status()

# Wait WDA ready
c.wait_ready(timeout=300) # 等待300s，默认120s

# Press home button
c.home()

# Hit healthcheck
c.healthcheck()

# Get page source
c.source() # format XML
c.source(accessible=True) # default false, format JSON

c.locked() # true of false
c.lock() # lock screen
c.unlock() # unlock
c.app_current() # {"pid": 1281, "bundleId": "com.netease.cloudmusic"}

Take screenshot save as png

c.screenshot('screen.png') # Good
c.screenshot("screen.jpg") # Bad

# convert to PIL.Image and then save as jpg
c.screenshot().save("screen.jpg") # Good

Session

Open app

with c.session('com.apple.Health') as s:
	print(s.orientation)

Same as

s = c.session('com.apple.Health')
print(s.orientation)
s.close()

For web browser like Safari you can define page whit which will be opened:

s = c.session('com.apple.mobilesafari', ['-u', 'https://www.google.com/ncr'])
print(s.orientation)
s.close()

Other app operation (Works in appium/WebDriverAgent)

# Handle alert automatically in WDA (never tested before)
# alert_action should be one of ["accept", "dismiss"]
s = c.session("com.apple.Health", alert_action="accept")

# launch without terminate app (WDAEmptyResponseError might raise)
c.session().app_activate("com.apple.Health")

# terminate app
c.session().app_terminate("com.apple.Health")

# get app state
c.session().app_state("com.apple.Health")
# output {"value": 4, "sessionId": "xxxxxx"}
# different value means 1: die, 2: background, 4: running

Session operations

# set default element search timeout 30 seconds
s.implicitly_wait(30.0)

# Current bundleId and sessionId
print(s.bundle_id, s.id)

s.lock() # lock screen
s.unlock() # unlock screen
s.locked() # locked status, true or false

s.battery_info() # return like {"level": 1, "state": 2}
s.device_info() # return like {"currentLocale": "zh_CN", "timeZone": "Asia/Shanghai"}

s.app_current() # current app info
# return example
# {"pid": 1281, "name": "", "bundleId": "com.netease.cloudmusic"}

s.set_clipboard("Hello world") # update clipboard
# s.get_clipboard() # Not working now

# Screenshot return PIL.Image
# Requires pillow, installed by "pip install pillow"
s.screenshot().save("s.png")

# Sometimes screenshot rotation is wrong, but we can rotate it to the right direction
# Refs: https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/3.1.x/reference/Image.html#PIL.Image.Image.transpose
from PIL import Image
s.screenshot().transpose(Image.ROTATE_90).save("correct.png")

# One of <PORTRAIT | LANDSCAPE>
print(s.orientation) # expect PORTRAIT or LANDSCAPE

# Change orientation
s.orientation = wda.LANDSCAPE # there are many other directions

# Deactivate App for some time
s.deactivate(5.0) # 5s

# Get width and height
print(s.window_size())
# Expect tuple output (width, height)
# For example: (414, 736)

# Get UIKit scale factor, the first time will take about 1s, next time use cached value
print(s.scale)
# Example output: 3

# Simulate touch
s.tap(200, 200)

# Very like tap, but support float and int argument
# float indicate percent. eg 0.5 means 50%
s.click(200, 200)
s.click(0.5, 0.5) # click center of screen
s.click(0.5, 200) # click center of x, and y(200)

# Double touch
s.double_tap(200, 200)

# Simulate swipe, utilizing drag api
s.swipe(x1, y1, x2, y2, 0.5) # 0.5s
s.swipe(0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 1.0)  # swipe middle to bottom

s.swipe_left()
s.swipe_right()
s.swipe_up()
s.swipe_down()

# tap hold for 1 seconds
s.tap_hold(x, y, 1.0)

# Hide keyboard (not working in simulator), did not success using latest WDA
s.keyboard_dismiss()

Find element

Note: if element not found, WDAElementNotFoundError will be raised

# For example, expect: True or False
# using id to find element and check if exists
s(id="URL").exists # return True or False

# using id or other query conditions
s(id='URL')
s(name='URL')
s(text="URL") # text is alias of name
s(nameContains='UR')
s(label='Address')
s(labelContains='Addr')
s(name='URL', index=1) # find the second element. index starts from 0

# combines search conditions
# attributes bellow can combines
# :"className", "name", "label", "visible", "enabled"
s(className='Button', name='URL', visible=True, labelContains="Addr")

More powerful findding method

s(xpath='//Button[@name="URL"]')

# another code style
s.xpath('//Button[@name="URL"]')

s(predicate='name LIKE "UR*"')
s('name LIKE "U*L"') # predicate is the first argument, without predicate= is ok
s(classChain='**/Button[`name == "URL"`]')

To see more Class Chain Queries examples, view https://github.com/facebookarchive/WebDriverAgent/wiki/Class-Chain-Queries-Construction-Rules

Element operations (eg: tap, scroll, set_text etc...)

Exmaple search element and tap

# Get first match Element object
# The function get() is very important.
# when elements founded in 10 seconds(:default:), Element object returns
# or WDAElementNotFoundError raises
e = s(text='Dashboard').get(timeout=10.0)
# s(text='Dashboard') is Selector
# e is Element object
e.tap() # tap element

Some times, I just hate to type .get()

Using python magic tricks to do it again.

# 	using python magic function "__getattr__", it is ok with out type "get()"
s(text='Dashboard').tap()
# same as
s(text='Dashboard').get().tap()

Note: Python magic tricks can not used on get attributes

# Accessing attrbutes, you have to use get()
s(text='Dashboard').get().value

# Not right
# s(text='Dashboard').value # Bad, always return None

Click element if exists

s(text='Dashboard').click_exists() # return immediately if not found
s(text='Dashboard').click_exists(timeout=5.0) # wait for 5s

Other Element operations

# Check if elements exists
print(s(text="Dashboard").exists)

# Find all matches elements, return Array of Element object
s(text='Dashboard').find_elements()

# Use index to find second element
s(text='Dashboard')[1].exists

# Use child to search sub elements
s(text='Dashboard').child(className='Cell').exists

# Default timeout is 10 seconds
# But you can change by
s.set_timeout(10.0)

# do element operations
e.tap()
e.click() # alias of tap
e.clear_text()
e.set_text("Hello world")
e.tap_hold(2.0) # tapAndHold for 2.0s

e.scroll() # scroll to make element visiable

# directions can be "up", "down", "left", "right"
# swipe distance default to its height or width according to the direction
e.scroll('up')

# Set text
e.set_text("Hello WDA") # normal usage
e.set_text("Hello WDA\n") # send text with enter
e.set_text("\b\b\b") # delete 3 chars

# Wait element gone
s(text='Dashboard').wait_gone(timeout=10.0)

# Swipe
s(className="Image").swipe("left")

# Pinch
s(className="Map").pinch(2, 1) # scale=2, speed=1
s(className="Map").pinch(0.1, -1) # scale=0.1, speed=-1 (I donot very understand too)

# properties (bool)
e.accessible
e.displayed
e.enabled

# properties (str)
e.text # ex: Dashboard
e.className # ex: XCUIElementTypeStaticText
e.value # ex: github.com

# Bounds return namedtuple
rect = e.bounds # ex: Rect(x=144, y=28, width=88.0, height=27.0)
rect.x # expect 144

Alert

print(s.alert.exists)
print(s.alert.text)
s.alert.accept() # Actually do click first alert button
s.alert.dismiss() # Actually do click second alert button
s.alert.wait(5) # if alert apper in 5 second it will return True,else return False (default 20.0)
s.alert.wait() # wait alert apper in 2 second

s.alert.buttons()
# example return: ["设置", "好"]

s.alert.click("设置")

TODO

longTap not done pinch(not found in WDA)

TouchID

• Match Touch ID
• Do not match Touch ID

How to handle alert message automaticly (need more tests)

For example

import wda

s = wda.Client().session()

def _alert_callback(session):
    session.alert.accept()

s.set_alert_callback(_alert_callback)

# do operations, when alert popup, it will auto accept
s(type="Button").click()

DEVELOP

See DEVELOP.md for more details.

iOS Build-in Apps

苹果自带应用

Name	Bundle ID
iMovie	com.apple.iMovie
Apple Store	com.apple.AppStore
Weather	com.apple.weather
相机Camera	com.apple.camera
iBooks	com.apple.iBooks
Health	com.apple.Health
Settings	com.apple.Preferences
Watch	com.apple.Bridge
Maps	com.apple.Maps
Game Center	com.apple.gamecenter
Wallet	com.apple.Passbook
电话	com.apple.mobilephone
备忘录	com.apple.mobilenotes
指南针	com.apple.compass
浏览器	com.apple.mobilesafari
日历	com.apple.mobilecal
信息	com.apple.MobileSMS
时钟	com.apple.mobiletimer
照片	com.apple.mobileslideshow
提醒事项	com.apple.reminders
Desktop	com.apple.springboard (Start this will cause your iPhone reboot)

第三方应用 Thirdparty

Name	Bundle ID
腾讯QQ	com.tencent.mqq
微信	com.tencent.xin
部落冲突	com.supercell.magic
钉钉	com.laiwang.DingTalk
Skype	com.skype.tomskype
Chrome	com.google.chrome.ios

Another way to list apps installed on you phone is use ideviceinstaller install with brew install ideviceinstaller

List apps with command

$ ideviceinstaller -l

Tests

测试的用例放在tests/目录下，使用iphone SE作为测试机型，系统语言应用。调度框架pytest

Reference

Source code

• Router
• Alert

Articles

• https://testerhome.com/topics/5524 By diaojunxiam

Contributors

• diaojunxian
• iquicktest

DESIGN

DESIGN

LICENSE

MIT