diff --git a/docs/source/package/tools/calculation.rst b/docs/source/package/tools/calculation.rst
index 0bd2392a86..87ac1e085b 100644
--- a/docs/source/package/tools/calculation.rst
+++ b/docs/source/package/tools/calculation.rst
@@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ sopel.tools.calculation
 
 .. automodule:: sopel.tools.calculation
    :members:
+   :ignore-module-all:
diff --git a/sopel/tools/__init__.py b/sopel/tools/__init__.py
index 186a991a16..92ff2ca80e 100644
--- a/sopel/tools/__init__.py
+++ b/sopel/tools/__init__.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 """Useful miscellaneous tools and shortcuts for Sopel plugins
 
-*Availability: 3+*
+.. versionadded:: 3.0
 """
 
 # tools.py - Sopel misc tools
@@ -68,8 +68,7 @@ def get_input(prompt):
 
     .. deprecated:: 7.1
 
-        Use of this function will become a warning when Python 2 support is
-        dropped in Sopel 8.0. The function will be removed in Sopel 8.1.
+        This function will be removed in Sopel 8.1.
 
     """
     return input(prompt)
@@ -116,6 +115,11 @@ class OutputRedirect:
     """Redirect the output to the terminal and a log file.
 
     A simplified object used to write to both the terminal and a log file.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 8.0
+
+        Vestige of old logging system. Will be removed in Sopel 8.1.
+
     """
 
     @deprecated(
@@ -200,6 +204,8 @@ def get_hostmask_regex(mask):
     :param str mask: the hostmask that the pattern should match
     :return: a compiled regex pattern matching the given ``mask``
     :rtype: :ref:`re.Pattern <python:re-objects>`
+
+    .. versionadded:: 4.4
     """
     mask = re.escape(mask)
     mask = mask.replace(r'\*', '.*')
@@ -244,6 +250,8 @@ def chain_loaders(*lazy_loaders):
     together into one. It's primarily a helper for lazy rule decorators such as
     :func:`sopel.plugin.url_lazy`.
 
+    .. versionadded:: 7.1
+
     .. important::
 
         This function doesn't check the uniqueness of regexes generated by
diff --git a/sopel/tools/calculation.py b/sopel/tools/calculation.py
index aadfa92e0e..a1e85b6531 100644
--- a/sopel/tools/calculation.py
+++ b/sopel/tools/calculation.py
@@ -1,9 +1,21 @@
-"""Tools to help safely do calculations from user input"""
+"""Tools to help safely do calculations from user input
+
+.. versionadded:: 5.3
+.. note::
+
+    Most of this is internal machinery. :func:`eval_equation` is the "public"
+    part, used by Sopel's built-in ``calc`` plugin.
+
+"""
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import ast
 import operator
 import time
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from typing import Callable, Optional
 
 __all__ = ['eval_equation']
 
@@ -21,16 +33,20 @@ class ExpressionEvaluator:
 
     class Error(Exception):
         """Internal exception type for :class:`ExpressionEvaluator`\\s."""
-        pass
 
-    def __init__(self, bin_ops=None, unary_ops=None):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        bin_ops: Optional[dict[type[ast.operator], Callable]] = None,
+        unary_ops: Optional[dict[type[ast.unaryop], Callable]] = None
+    ):
         self.binary_ops = bin_ops or {}
         self.unary_ops = unary_ops or {}
 
-    def __call__(self, expression_str, timeout=5.0):
+    def __call__(self, expression_str: str, timeout: float = 5.0):
         """Evaluate a Python expression and return the result.
 
-        :param str expression_str: the expression to evaluate
+        :param expression_str: the expression to evaluate
+        :param timeout: timeout for processing the expression, in seconds
         :raise SyntaxError: if the given ``expression_str`` is not a valid
                             Python statement
         :raise ExpressionEvaluator.Error: if the instance of
@@ -40,14 +56,12 @@ def __call__(self, expression_str, timeout=5.0):
         ast_expression = ast.parse(expression_str, mode='eval')
         return self._eval_node(ast_expression.body, time.time() + timeout)
 
-    def _eval_node(self, node, timeout):
+    def _eval_node(self, node: ast.AST, timeout: float):
         """Recursively evaluate the given :class:`ast.Node <ast.AST>`.
 
         :param node: the AST node to evaluate
-        :type node: :class:`ast.AST`
         :param timeout: how long the expression is allowed to process before
-                        timing out and failing
-        :type timeout: int or float
+                        timing out and failing, in seconds
         :raise ExpressionEvaluator.Error: if it can't handle the ``node``
 
         Uses :attr:`self.binary_ops` and :attr:`self.unary_ops` for the
@@ -102,13 +116,11 @@ def _eval_node(self, node, timeout):
         )
 
 
-def guarded_mul(left, right):
+def guarded_mul(left: float, right: float):
     """Multiply two values, guarding against overly large inputs.
 
     :param left: the left operand
-    :type left: int or float
     :param right: the right operand
-    :type right: int or float
     :raise ValueError: if the inputs are too large to handle safely
     """
     # Only handle ints because floats will overflow anyway.
@@ -127,13 +139,11 @@ def guarded_mul(left, right):
     return operator.mul(left, right)
 
 
-def pow_complexity(num, exp):
+def pow_complexity(num: int, exp: int):
     """Estimate the worst case time :func:`pow` takes to calculate.
 
     :param num: base
-    :type num: int or float
     :param exp: exponent
-    :type exp: int or float
 
     This function is based on experimental data from the time it takes to
     calculate ``num**exp`` in 32-bit CPython 2.7.6 on an Intel Core i7-2670QM
@@ -195,13 +205,11 @@ def pow_complexity(num, exp):
         return exp ** 1.590 * num.bit_length() ** 1.73 / 36864057619.3
 
 
-def guarded_pow(num, exp):
+def guarded_pow(num: float, exp: float):
     """Raise a number to a power, guarding against overly large inputs.
 
     :param num: base
-    :type num: int or float
     :param exp: exponent
-    :type exp: int or float
     :raise ValueError: if the inputs are too large to handle safely
     """
     # Only handle ints because floats will overflow anyway.
@@ -218,7 +226,14 @@ def guarded_pow(num, exp):
 
 
 class EquationEvaluator(ExpressionEvaluator):
-    __bin_ops = {
+    """Specific subclass of :class:`ExpressionEvaluator` for simple math
+
+    This presets the allowed operators to safeguard against user input that
+    could try to do things that will adversely affect the running bot, while
+    still letting users pass arbitrary mathematical expressions using the
+    available (mostly arithmetic) operators.
+    """
+    __bin_ops: dict[type[ast.operator], Callable] = {
         ast.Add: operator.add,
         ast.Sub: operator.sub,
         ast.Mult: guarded_mul,
@@ -228,7 +243,7 @@ class EquationEvaluator(ExpressionEvaluator):
         ast.FloorDiv: operator.floordiv,
         ast.BitXor: guarded_pow
     }
-    __unary_ops = {
+    __unary_ops: dict[type[ast.unaryop], Callable] = {
         ast.USub: operator.neg,
         ast.UAdd: operator.pos,
     }
@@ -240,8 +255,8 @@ def __init__(self):
             unary_ops=self.__unary_ops
         )
 
-    def __call__(self, expression_str):
-        result = ExpressionEvaluator.__call__(self, expression_str)
+    def __call__(self, expression_str: str, timeout: float = 5.0):
+        result = ExpressionEvaluator.__call__(self, expression_str, timeout)
 
         # This wrapper is here so additional sanity checks could be done
         # on the result of the eval, but currently none are done.
diff --git a/test/tools/test_tools_calculation.py b/test/tools/test_tools_calculation.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e211d584c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/tools/test_tools_calculation.py
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+"""Tests Sopel's calculation tools"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import ast
+import operator
+
+import pytest
+
+from sopel.tools.calculation import EquationEvaluator, ExpressionEvaluator
+
+
+def test_expression_eval():
+    """Ensure ExpressionEvaluator respects limited operator set."""
+    OPS = {
+        ast.Add: operator.add,
+        ast.Sub: operator.sub,
+    }
+    evaluator = ExpressionEvaluator(bin_ops=OPS)
+
+    assert evaluator("1 + 1") == 2
+    assert evaluator("43 - 1") == 42
+    assert evaluator("1 + 1 - 2") == 0
+
+    with pytest.raises(ExpressionEvaluator.Error) as exc:
+        evaluator("2 * 2")
+    assert "Unsupported binary operator" in exc.value.args[0]
+
+    with pytest.raises(ExpressionEvaluator.Error) as exc:
+        evaluator("~2")
+    assert "Unsupported unary operator" in exc.value.args[0]
+
+
+def test_equation_eval_invalid_constant():
+    """Ensure unsupported constants are rejected."""
+    evaluator = EquationEvaluator()
+
+    with pytest.raises(ExpressionEvaluator.Error) as exc:
+        evaluator("2 + 'string'")
+    assert "values are not supported" in exc.value.args[0]
+
+
+def test_equation_eval_timeout():
+    """Ensure EquationEvaluator times out as expected."""
+    # timeout is added to the current time;
+    # negative means the timeout is "reached" before even starting
+    timeout = -1.0
+    evaluator = EquationEvaluator()
+
+    with pytest.raises(ExpressionEvaluator.Error) as exc:
+        evaluator("1000000**100", timeout)
+    assert "Time for evaluating" in exc.value.args[0]
+
+    with pytest.raises(ExpressionEvaluator.Error) as exc:
+        evaluator("+42", timeout)
+    assert "Time for evaluating" in exc.value.args[0]
+
+
+def test_equation_eval():
+    """Test that EquationEvaluator correctly parses input and calculates results."""
+    evaluator = EquationEvaluator()
+
+    assert evaluator("1 + 1") == 2
+    assert evaluator("43 - 1") == 42
+    assert evaluator("(((1 + 1 + 2) * 3 / 5) ** 8 - 13) // 21 % 35") == 16.0
+    assert evaluator("-42") == -42
+    assert evaluator("-(-42)") == 42
+    assert evaluator("+42") == 42
+    assert evaluator("3 ^ 2") == 9