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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="es">
<head>
<!-- Basic Page Needs
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– -->
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Burbujas</title>
<meta name="description" content="Proceso del Demo 1 para la clase Desarrollo Apps Realidad Mixta">
<meta name="author" content="Sofía Castañeda Mosquera">
<meta name="keywords" content="Bubbles, AR, MagicLeap, Demo, Creative Computing">
<!-- Mobile Specific Metas
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– -->
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- FONT
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– -->
<link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Raleway:400,300,600" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<!-- CSS
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/normalize.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/skeleton.css">
<!-- Favicon
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– -->
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="images/favicon.png">
</head>
<body>
<!--Styling arriba-->
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="twelve columns" style="margin-bottom: 1.5%">
</div>
</div>
<!--Navbar burbujita-->
<!--No es la solución más elegante pero sirve-->
<div class="navbar" style="position: fixed; overflow: hidden; width: 100%; top:0;">
<div class="row" style="background-color: white">
<a href="index.html" style="text-decoration:none; font-size: 5rem;">🫧</a>
</div>
</div>
<!--Intro-->
<div style="margin-top: 8%;">
<h1><a><strong>Investigación</strong></a></h1>
<h6 style="margin-bottom: 1%;"><a><strong>Objetivos</strong> de esta fase:</a></h6>
<p>Entender las burbujas como <strong>medio</strong>: ¿qué se puede hacer con ellas además de soplarlas? ¿Qué <strong>posilibidades</strong> ofrecen al integrarlas en medios interactivos? Quiero descubrir qué me interesa de ellas y cómo puedo interpretarlas dentro de mi proyecto. Y saber también ¿qué existe y qué no en el universo de las burbujas interactivas?</p>
<!--Índice-->
<h6 style="margin-bottom: 1%"><a><strong>Índice</strong></a></h6>
<ul>
<li><a href="#conceptos" style="color: black; text-decoration:none">Las burbujas como objeto/concepto | <em style="color: Silver; text-decoration:none;">Teoría</em></a></li>
<li><a href="#referentes" style="color: black; text-decoration:none">Estado del arte interacción + burbujas | <em style="color: Silver; text-decoration:none;">Referentes</em></a></li>
<li><a href="#ciencia" style="color: black; text-decoration:none">Ciencia detrás de las burbujas | <em style="color: Silver; text-decoration:none;">Datos ñoños</em></a></li>
<li><a href="#inspo" style="color: black; text-decoration:none">Inspo y otros | <em style="color: Silver; text-decoration:none;">Cositas chéveres</em></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<hr>
<!--Sección 1-->
<div style="margin-top: 5%;" id="conceptos">
<h3 style="margin-bottom: 0%"><a>Las burbujas como objeto/concepto</a></h3>
<h6 style="margin-bottom: 1%"><a>Teoría</a></h6>
<div class="row">
<div class="twelve columns">
<h4>un montón de definiciones</h4>
<p>🔆 A spherically contained volume of air or other gas, especially one made from soapy liquid.
🔆 A small spherical cavity in a solid material
🔆 (by extension) Anything resembling a hollow sphere.
🔆 (figuratively) Anything lacking firmness or solidity; a cheat or fraud; an empty project.
🔆 (economics) A period of intense speculation in a market, causing prices to rise quickly to irrational levels as the metaphorical bubble expands, and then fall even more quickly as the bubble bursts.
🔆 (figuratively) The emotional and/or physical atmosphere in which the subject is immersed.
🔆 (obsolete) Someone who has been ‘bubbled’ or fooled; a dupe.
🔆 A small, hollow, floating bead or globe, formerly used for testing the strength of spirits.
🔆 The globule of air in the chamber of a spirit level
🔆 (Cockney rhyming slang) A laugh.
🔆 (Cockney rhyming slang) A Greek.
🔆 (computing, historical) Any of the small magnetized areas that make up bubble memory.
🔆 (television, slang) A bulb or lamp; the part of a lighting assembly that actually produces the light.
🔆 (intransitive) To produce bubbles, to rise up in bubbles (such as in foods cooking or liquids boiling).
🔆 (intransitive, figuratively) To churn or foment, as if wishing to rise to the surface.
🔆 (intransitive, figuratively) To rise through a medium or system, similar to the way that bubbles rise in liquid.
🔆 (transitive, archaic) To cheat, delude.
🔆 (transitive) To cause to feel as if bubbling or churning.
🔆 (transitive) To express in a bubbly or lively manner
🔆 (transitive) To form into a protruding round shape.
🔆 (transitive) To cover with bubbles.
🔆 (transitive) To bubble in; to mark a response on a form by filling in a circular area (‘bubble’).
🔆 (intransitive) To join together in a support bubble
🔆 (intransitive, Scotland and Northern England) To cry, weep.
🔆 (transitive) To pat a baby on the back so as to cause it to belch.
🔆 (poker) The point in a poker tournament when the last player without a prize loses all their chips and leaves the game, leaving only players that are going to win prizes. (e.g., if the last remaining 9 players win prizes, then the point when the 10th player leaves the tournament)
🔆 A group of people who are in quarantine together
🔆 An officer's station in a prison dormitory, affording views on all sides.
🔆 Short for travel bubble. [An arrangement between two (or more) countries, states, or other administrative regions, that allows free travel of residents between them while otherwise keeping their borders closed to travellers from outside the bubble.]
<strong>Definitions from Wiktionary, retreived from OneLook Dictionary. Concept cluster: Foam or froth</strong></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<!--<div class="twelve columns">
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/usage.png" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
</div>-->
<div class="twelve columns">
<h4>frases y casos de uso</h4>
<p>The witches on the island chanted "Bubble, bubble, toil and trouble.
—List of famous misquotations 🥞
And every tiny bubble burst on its journey towards the light.
—Help! I'm a Fish 🥞
Vilenkin's tiny bubble... inflated and went through the standard expansion and evolution of the big bang.
—Cosmology 🥞
Character notices that he is standing above a bubble of carbon dioxide that will eventually become a "blow" and engulf him.
—Fictional last words in literature 🥞
I could float off this floor like a soap bubble if I wish to.
—Nineteen Eighty-Four 🥞
Your Head's so hot, that your Brains bubble over.
—Thomas Fuller (writer) 🥞
It seemed like the memory of a voice and it came wrapped in its own brief little bubble of tranquillity.
—Terry Pratchett 🥞
A bubble that goes up is just one that could have crashed but did not.
—Didier Sornette 🥞
I, a tiny bubble of laughter,
Have become the Sea of Mirth Itself.
—Paramahansa Yogananda 🥞
It is where you go when you are told that you are a bubble on the tide of empire.
—All the King's Men 🥞
Well, sorry to pop your death bubble, but there's no such thing.
—Chuck Palahniuk 🥞
Isler hit on the idea that a “bubble” (in this case a pillow) takes the optimal shape for its edge boundaries.
—Thin-shell structure 🥞
The filter bubble is a communications system where people only perceive the reality and opinions they already agree...
—Filter bubble 🥞
Bubble, bubble bubbles is in the bathtub
—"Freaky Thangs" by Ludacris 🥞
Bubble pop electric, bubble pop electric
—"Bubble Pop Electric [DVD]" by Gwen Stefani 🥞
I said bubble (Bubble), vibes and that (Vibes)
—"Ladbroke Grove" by AJ Tracey 🥞
Why the big bubble every baby, uh
—"Money Hit (Remix)" by Young Thug 🥞
You've always got a new bubble to blow?
—"Chewing Gum" by Annie 🥞
Any minute of the day the bubble could burst
—"SUGAR BABY" by Bob Dylan 🥞
And now a bubble burst, and now a world
—"Essay on Man" by Alexander Pope 🥞
Wrap it up, zip it up after it bubble up
—"My Block" by Lil' Flip 🥞
Deceitful bubble was so soon to burst
—"...A Dish Best Served Coldly" by Type O Negative 🥞
A glass vacuum with a bubble inside
—"Fallin'" by Seeds 🥞
The snap can also produce sonoluminescence from the collapsing cavitation bubble.
—Alpheidae 🥞
A balloon dangling from one nostril (a "snot bubble") indicates sleep.
—Manga iconography 🥞
A tiny bubble of pure white light from mighty
—"Per Errationes Ad Astra" by Ian Anderson 🥞
I float just like a bubble heading for the spike
—"Witches' Rave" by Jeff Buckley 🥞
Where trouble is a bubble in the champagne glass
—"Champagne Life [MTV Long Version; Closed-Captioned]" by Ne-Yo 🥞
Hey, little miss Double Bubble
—"Rocker (Feat Michael Monroe)" by Backyard Babies 🥞
I wish I could bubble wrap my heart,
—"Bubble Wrap" by McFly 🥞
It was cool if your brain was just another bubble
—"Air Hoodlum" by Public Enemy 🥞
Like she chew bubble gum, tell her where I been
—"By Myself" by Ying Yang Twins 🥞
The visualizations often seen of the universe growing as a bubble into nothingness are misleading in that respect.
—Expansion of the universe 🥞
And I'm all out of bubble gum.
—Roddy Piper 🥞
Oh baby, come a gimme your bubble
—"Bubble" by Sean Paul 🥞
Like a hell-broth boil and bubble
—Macbeth: Act IV, scene I 🥞
This bubble that I choose to chase
—"Caroline" by Harry Chapin 🥞
Every bursted bubble has a glory!
—"The Roses of Success" from "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang" 🥞
This exists in an equilibrium with chlorine gas, which can bubble out of solution.
—Hypochlorite 🥞
Where I have seen corruption boil and bubble
—Measure Fore Measure: Act V, scene I 🥞
And they bubble all around you
—"Pond Song" by Dinosaur Jr 🥞
In earth's green herbs, and streams that bubble up
—"Past And Future" by Elizabeth Barrett Browning 🥞
Radiation could only be generated in collisions between bubble walls.
—Inflation (cosmology) 🥞
Got me chokin on my bubble gum
—"Bubblegum" by The Slumber Party Girls 🥞
Jetson commutes to work in an aerocar with a transparent bubble top.
—The Jetsons 🥞
Loomed like a bubble o'er the town
—"Impression Du Matin" by Oscar Wilde 🥞
Today, there are stores that specialize in bubble tea.
—Bubble tea 🥞
A dream of what thou wert, a breath, a bubble,
—King Richard III: Act IV, scene IV 🥞
Models that approximate bubble dynamics are varied.
—Decompression (diving) 🥞
Fire burn, and cauldron bubble
—Macbeth: Act IV, scene I 🥞
The symptoms of the repression she suffered, would bubble over in lust
—"Five Sisters" by Tonedeff 🥞
So me and you can bubble (Bop, bop, doo-wop)
—"Hit Me (BBM Me) If You Miss Me" by Baby Bash 🥞
No mek nuh trouble gyal, buff up ya bubble gyal
—"Bubble" by Sean Paul 🥞
On my life, my lord, a bubble
—All's Well That Ends Well: Act III, scene VI 🥞
The lab was working on the Picturephone and on the development of semiconductor bubble memory.
—History of photography 🥞
As in the ninth Observation, so here, the Bubble, by transmitted Light, appear'd of a contrary Colour to that, which it exhibited by Reflexion.
—Opticks Or, A Treatise of the Reflections,… by Isaac Newton 🥞
I am not a Latin; I cannot bubble forth my inmost hopes or flaunt my heart upon my sleeve.
—The Man Who Lived in a Shoe by Henry James Forman 🥞
President Bubble, of the Blakeville Bank; or, much better still, the Bubble Bank!
—Young Wallingford by George Randolph Chester 🥞
Will drink forevermore; While ever, the golden rim above, The draught will bubble o'er.
—The Arctic Queen by Unknown 🥞
...made the same turn against the established notion that if you unloosed everything, wisdom would bubble up, and establish harmony.
—Public Opinion by Walter Lippmann 🥞
Occasionally he would bubble over with some prophetic vision, and, as he could not be silenced, he was carried out.
—Eighty Years and More; Reminiscences 1815-1897 by Elizabeth Cady Stanton 🥞
The lime must be quick and fresh; if quick, it will bubble up when the hot water is poured over it.
—Mrs. Hale's Receipts for the Million Containing… by Sarah Josepha Buell Hale 🥞
Sin and corruption, I said, would as naturally bubble out of my heart as water would bubble out of a fountain.
—The Varieties of Religious Experience: A… by William James 🥞
His thoughts bubble up and sparkle, like beads on old wine.
—Hazlitt on English Literature: An… by William Hazlitt 🥞
The world's a bubble: and the life of man, Less than a span.
—The Lives of the Poets of Great Britain and… by Theophilus Cibber 🥞
And happiness?—A bubble on the stream, That in the act of seizing shrinks to nought.
—Poems by John Clare 🥞
"A pricked bubble, my dear fellow.
—All for a Scrap of Paper: A Romance of the… by Joseph Hocking 🥞
Soon he sooth'd his soul to pleasures; War he sung is toil and trouble, Honor but an empty bubble," &c.
—Dissertations on the English Language, with… by Noah Webster 🥞
No need to mention the splintered ribs, and the salt bubble in his throat, and the agonized knowledge that this was death.
—The Tunnel Under the World by Frederik Pohl 🥞
BUBBLE, BUBBLE, TOIL AND TROUBLE.
—Motion Pictures 1960-1969: Catalog of… by Library of Congress. Copyright Office 🥞</p>
</div>
</div>
<hr>
<!--Sección 2-->
<div class="row" id="referentes">
<h3 style="margin-bottom: 0%"><a>Estado del arte interacción + burbujas</a></h3>
<h6 style="margin-bottom: 1%"><a>Referentes</a><em style="color: rgb(120, 120, 120); text-decoration:none;"> Nota: todos los papers pueden accederse de manera gratuita desde <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" style="color: rgb(120, 120, 120);">Sci-Hub</a></em></h6>
<!--Lista links referentes-->
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.antennadesign.com/work/environment/blowing-gently" style="color: black; text-decoration:none">Blowing Gently - Antenna Design | <em style="color: Silver; text-decoration:none;">Masamichi Udagawa + Sigi Moeslinger</em></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.media.mit.edu/projects/bubble-talk/overview/" style="color: black; text-decoration:none;">Bubble Talk - MIT Media Lab | <em style="color: Silver; text-decoration:none;">Kyung Yun Choi</em></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-soap-bubble-user-interface-an-ephemeral-user-interface-Setup-left-and-one-of-the_fig1_221308714" style="color: black; text-decoration:none;">Soap Bubble User Interface - Universität Bremen | <em style="color: Silver; text-decoration:none;">Tanja Döring</em></a></li>
<li><a href="https://dl.acm.org/doi/fullHtml/10.1145/2486227.2486235" style="color: black; text-decoration:none;">Ephemeral User Interfaces // Valuing the Aesthetics of Interface Components That Do Not Last | <em style="color: Silver; text-decoration:none;">Tanja Döring + Axel Sylvester + Albrecht Schmidt</em></a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.interaction-venice.com/projects/iuav09-10Lab1/processing-workshop/year-1/bubble/" style="color: black; text-decoration:none;">Bubble Processing demo - Iuav University of Venice | <em style="color: Silver; text-decoration:none;">Carla Piazza</em></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/9/4/56" style="color: black; text-decoration:none;">Interactive Blow and Burst of Giant Soap Bubbles - Chung-Ang University | <em style="color: Silver; text-decoration:none;">Namjung Kim + Kyoungju Park</em></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.experimentarium.dk/udstillinger/bubblearium/" style="color: black; text-decoration:none;">Bubblearium - Nord Science Experimentarium | <em style="color: Silver; text-decoration:none;">Mai Murmann</em></a></li>
<li><a href="https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2185520.2185559" style="color: black; text-decoration:none;">Animating bubble interactions in a liquid foam | <em style="color: Silver; text-decoration:none;">Oleksiy Busaryev + Tamal K. Dey + Huamin Wang + Zhong Ren</em></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220721306_Shaboned_display_an_interactive_substantial_display_using_soap_bubbles" style="color: black; text-decoration:none;">Shaboned display: an interactive substantial display using soap bubbles | <em style="color: Silver; text-decoration:none;">Shiho Hirayama + Yasuaki Kakehi</em></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220721306_Shaboned_display_an_interactive_substantial_display_using_soap_bubbles" style="color: black; text-decoration:none;">Bubble Cosmos | <em style="color: Silver; text-decoration:none;">Masahiro Nakamura + Go Inaba + Jun Tamaoki + Kazuhito Shiratori + Junichi Hoshino</em></a></li>
<li><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23661755/" style="color: black; text-decoration:none;">Multiscale Modeling of Membrane Rearrangement, Drainage, and Rupture in Evolving Foams | <em style="color: Silver; text-decoration:none;">Robert I. Saye + James A. Sethian</em></a></li>
</ul>
<!--Ref 1-->
<div class="one-half column">
<h4 style="margin-bottom: 1%">Blowing Gently...</h4>
<h6>Antenna Design - Masamichi Udagawa + Sigi Moeslinger</h6>
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/antenna-1.webp" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
<p>The installation is a reflection on ephemerality. The memory of a nostalgic childhood trinket, a soap bubble maker, serves as the point of interaction for the central piece, hinting at the subtle action of blowing. Visitors become an integral part of the installation, as it is their breathing which unfolds a chain of events.</p>
</div>
<div class="four columns u-pull-right" style="margin-top: 25%">
<h3><em>breathing, the subtle action of blowing.</em></h3>
</div>
<div class="one-half column u-pull-right">
<p>By blowing at different lengths and intensities, visitors create and inflate male and female creatures, which subsequently seem to float off into space. Each creature has an individual behaviour which causes different reactions when colliding with one another. Eventually all creatures fade away or disappear into a void.</p>
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/antenna-2.webp" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
<p>A second piece, "day six", is presented in the smaller gallery space. This object, also activated by the visitor's breath, plays on the creation myth. Visitors are invited to breathe various randomly selected qualities into their own image via a pair of abstracted nostrils in front of a mirror. When blowing, one can watch oneself exhaling and inhaling a swarm of images representing qualities such as youth or beauty.</p>
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<div class="four columns u-pull-left" style="margin-top: 25%">
<h3><em>la intensidad y duración del soplo, el desvanecimiento</em></h3>
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<h1 style="text-align: center"><strong>𝍏</strong></h1>
</div>
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<div class="twelve columns">
<h4 style="margin-bottom: 1%">Bubble Talk</h4>
<h6>MIT Media Lab - Kyung Yun Choi + Hiroshi Ishii</h6>
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/bubbletalk-1.jpg" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
<p>In this project the ephemeral and intangible aspects of human communication are represented by a soap-bubble. The shapeless, intangible, and insubstantial speech—once the speech is shouted out through the speaker's mouth, it disappears unless someone hears it immediately, or even if it is heard, the message will be forgotten as time goes—is transferred to a semi-tangible yet still fleeting bubble.</p>
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<div class="five columns u-pull-left" style="margin-top: 1%">
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/bubbletalk-2.jpg" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
</div>
<div class="six columns u-pull-right" style="margin-top: 1%">
<p>The bubble machine that we created provides person-to-person and person-to-space interaction. The machine has a iris mechanism that varies its outlet size reacting to the participant's speech pattern as if it tries to talk something. Once the participant pauses, the machine blows out various sizes of bubble. The floating bubble represents the subtle state of a message from interpersonal communications that lies in the middle of real and digital world. Also, it creates a certain delay until it pops, which is a metaphor of our behavior that we often delay to send out text-messages through chatting apps. We believe that anyone can be an artist. By open sourcing the details of fabrication process and materials, we want to encourage people to build the machine, interact with it at any locations, and use and modify it as a art tool for realizing their own ideas whether it is for art or not.</p>
<p><a href="https://www.instructables.com/Bubble-Talk-Turn-Your-Speech-Into-Bubbles/">Open Source fabrication instructions</a></p>
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<h1 style="text-align: center"><strong>𝍏</strong></h1>
</div>
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<h4 style="margin-bottom: 1%">Soap Bubble User Interface</h4>
<h6>Tanja Döring</h6>
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/tanja-1.png" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
<p><strong>Pervasive Computing and User Interface Engineering</strong></p>
<p>An important quality of tangible user interfaces is the materiality of the objects used for the interaction.</p>
<p>How to choose appropriate low-tech materials for interaction?</p>
<p>A big potential of tangible user interfaces is that they take advantage of materials and form for interaction</p>
<p>how to use material properties and cultural material knowledge to construct meaningful, intuitive and, appropriate tangible user interfaces</p>
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<div class="four columns u-pull-right" style="margin-top: 12%">
<p><em> Tangible user interfaces is a further field of research that stresses the importance and potentials of materiality for interactions between humans and computers.</em></p>
<br><p><strong>•Material Mind:</strong> How can we integrate a collective “material mind” into design knowledge for tangible user interfaces?</p>
<br><p><strong>•Material Properties:</strong> How can we better understand material properties for meaningful and context adequate interaction?</p>
<br><p><strong>•Material Mapping:</strong> How does the used material relate to the linked digital data and what mappings are useful?</p>
</div>
<div class="twelve columns ">
<p>Among first exploratory prototypes is the soap bubble user interface [5], a TUI that uses soap bubbles for human-computer interaction and, in this case, employs an extreme and unusual material with specific material properties to <strong>define and constrain interaction techniques, among which were gently touching, blowing, or waving hands to move a soap bubble</strong> (see figure 2). The material-focused approach led to a concept for ephemeral user interfaces: UIs that can be created when needed, but only last for a short time.</p>
</div>
<div class="six columns u-pull-left">
<h3><em>interaction techniques: gently touching, blowing, or waving hands to move a soap bubble. (...) <strong>a concept for ephemeral user interfaces: UIs that can be created when needed, but only last for a short time.</strong></em></h3>
</div>
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<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/tanja-2.jpg" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%; width: 500px">
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<h1 style="text-align: center"><strong>𝍏</strong></h1>
</div>
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<h4 style="margin-bottom: 1%">Valuing the Aesthetics of Interface Components That Do Not Last</h4>
<h6>Tanja Döring + Axel Sylvester + Albrecht Schmidt</h6>
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/interfacetanja1.png" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
</div>
<div class="six columns u-pull-left" style="margin-top: 2%; text-align: center">
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/interfacetanja2.png" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
</div>
<div class="five columns u-pull-right" style="margin-top: 2%; text-align: center">
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/interfacetanja4.png" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
</div>
<p></p>
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/interfacetanja3.png" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
<div class="twelve columns" style="margin-top:2%">
<p><em>We always found that people
were attracted to the bubbles and really enjoyed playing around with them, experiencing their bursting and exploring possible interac- tion techniques and mappings to control sound and light. By using soap bubbles for interaction, we applied a material that on the one hand comes with a wealth of nice properties—such as the bubbles’ perfectly round shapes, the beauti- ful reflections on their thin skins, and their tendency to burst after a
short while—and on the other hand has strong connotations and mean- ings, from playfulness to a vani- tas symbol for the transience of human life. All of these properties and semantics were available to be used for the interaction.</em></p>
<br>
<div class="six columns u-pull-left" style="margin-top: 2%; margin-right: 3%; text-align: center">
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/ephemeral.png" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
</div>
<p>First, the ephemeral (i.e., transient) is a natural phenomenon that yields potential for application in HCI but that has not yet been thought of as part of reality-based interaction [2].</p>
<p><strong>ephemerality as a design concept</strong>
has the potential to address the problem of cognitive overload due to the huge amount of data that gets represented in ubiquitous computing systems nowadays. This also leads to the question of how ephemerality can be designed into the digital.</p>
<p>Ephemerality is an important aspect of human life</p>
<p> People generally love the ephemeral as an event and a sen- sation, for example, in the form of performances or fireworks. When something is there for only a lim- ited time, experiencing it is special.</p>
<p>Important for regarding something as an artistic material
in this broader context of con- temporary art is the existence of certain meanings of the material
in a cultural context, as well as the evocation of a specific, often multi- sensory perception of the material. Even fire, air, or light can be regard- ed as materials of art if used in a meaningful way.</p>
<p>An interaction material can be any material that is used in a meaningful way for the interaction, that has certain mean- ings in a cultural context, and that evokes a multisensory perception. Here, we are specifically interested in ephemeral interaction materials.</p>
<p>We define ephemeral user inter- faces as “a class of user interfaces that contain at least one UI ele- ment that is intentionally created
to last for a limited time only. The durability of the UI element is determined by its intrinsic material properties in combination with its surrounding ecosystem. While their ephemeral UI element(s) exist(s), ephemeral user interfaces pro-
vide a rich and multisensory user experience. They may deliberately be designed to offer only partial or imperfect user control” [5].</p>
<p>Ephemeral UI elements are characterized by two important features. First of all, they are time- based. This means that parts of the interface are designed not to last. How long they last varies depending on their material, their surrounding ecosystem, and what determines their disappearance or degradation. Ideally, the disappear- ance of UI elements fits the intend- ed interaction with the interface and its user experience. This could be due to the fact that UI elements are needed for only a short time
or that users should be engaged in destroying them and creating new ones. UI elements might also disap- pear to simply raise attention or to limit the user’s mental load by pre- senting information unobtrusively in the background for a limited time. With ephemeral user interfac- es, temporality becomes part of the meaning of the interaction.</p>
<p>A sec- ond focus of ephemeral UI elements lies on the qualities and aesthetics of the materials used for interac- tion. </p>
<p>ephemeral user interfaces contain materials that carry special embed- ded meanings from other contexts, often ones deeply inscribed into the cultural context of their users </p>
<p> In our design space, we focus on three aspects of ephemeral UIs: materials for ephemeral UI elements, interaction, and ephemerality </p>
<p>One relevant aspect of materials for user interfaces is the purpose of their selection.</p>
<p>the properties of a certain material—for example, its physical, mechanical, electrical, optical, eco-, thermal, or acoustic properties—led to its usage within a user interface. </p>
<p>material semantics—a material's meaning, history, and typical ways of use in a certain cultural context or environ- ment. </p>
<p>This yields the potential to cluster interaction techniques based on the states of matter.
Interaction. We distinguish between interfaces where the ephemeral material is used for output only, those that use the ephemeral material for input only, and those that use one ephemeral material for both input and output.</p>
<p>These UIs receive their input either from a com- puter or from a user. If the input comes from a computer system,
it can either involve no interac- tion by users—for example, when displaying digital information—or include implicit interaction—input based on tracked human behav- ior, often without the users real- izing this. In a further category, ephemeral materials are used for output and the system allows user input, but the input and output spaces are not the same (indirect interaction). The next class of user interfaces uses ephemeral materi- als for input only</p>
<p>UIs that use ephemeral materi- als for input and output ideally unify the input and output space and often are realized by gestural interaction with and projections onto ephemeral materials</p>
<p>Ephemerality. One of the charac- teristics of ephemeral user inter- faces is that parts of the UIs are not designed to last. This leads to two design parameters: first, how the disappearance or degrada- tion of ephemeral UI elements is
determined, and second, the class of durability of ephemeral UI ele- ments.</p>
<p>We identified three different mecha- nisms: natural phenomena (e.g., gravitation, phase transformation, disappearing sunlight, bubbles that naturally burst), user interaction (e.g., bursting a bubble by touch- ing, eating food), and system trig- ger (e.g., as applied in ferrofluid interfaces). </p>
<p>(flexible durability). Ice is an example of a material that can last forever if the temperature is low enough but that can also melt from one moment to another.</p>
<p>HCI commu- nity: First, design tools for material- focused user interfaces is a promising research direction to elaborate on the physical materials’ aspects and meanings for interaction. Second, ephemeral smart materials focuses on the application of novel and artifi- cial materials for interaction. And third, as natural materials and tan- gible interaction are not necessar- ily suitable for all user interfaces, nature and ephemerality as metaphor for hardware and software design forms another strand of research.</p>
<p>material-focused interaction vocabulary for ephemeral UIs</p>
<p>toolkits that support the integra- tion of a variety of different materi- als for interaction.</p>
<p>this would most likely lead to much richer textures for interac- tion and an integration of the fasci- nating phenomena nature offers.</p>
<p>reality-based interaction that suggests starting to think from real-world phenomena when designing interaction</p>
</div>
<div class="four columns u-pull-left">
<h3><em>The designer’s challenge lies in <strong>balancing computational power and reality.</strong></em></h3>
<h3><em>Nature and ephemerality as metaphor for hardware and software design.</em></h3>
<h3>How could hardware and software elements <em>grow, get older, degrade, or even decay as things in nature do?</em> (...) ephemerality could also be a strong concept for software design.</h3>
</div>
<div class="six columns u-pull-right">
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/tanjaluces.png" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
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<h1 style="text-align: center"><strong>𝍏</strong></h1>
</div>
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<div class="six columns u-pull-left">
<h4 style="margin-bottom: 1%">Bubble Processing demo</h4>
<h6>Carla Piazza</h6>
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/carla-1.png" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
</div>
<div class="five columns u-pull-right" style="margin-top: 15%">
<p> “code bubble” ---> allows you to play with soap bubbles by a click of your mouse.
<br><br>Clicking on the blowing hoop, you can generate bubbles which grow as long as you press the mouse: you’ll see them spread through the blowing hoop (when you stop pressing the mouse), and float on the screen, carried away by a virtual air stream.</p>
</div>
<div class="twelve columns" style="margin-top: 2%">
<pre><code>
ArrayList balls = new ArrayList();
PImage cososenzanome;
PImage bubble;
PImage bubble1;
PImage bubble2;
PImage bubble3;
PImage bubble4;
PImage bubble5;
PImage bubble6;
PImage bubble7;
float x = mouseX;
float y = mouseY;
float big = 30;
boolean bubbleAnimation = false;
boolean bubbleGrowing = false;
void setup(){
cososenzanome=loadImage ("cosino.png");
bubble=loadImage ("bubble.png");
bubble1=loadImage ("bubble1.png");
bubble2=loadImage ("bubble2.png");
bubble3=loadImage ("bubble3.png");
bubble4=loadImage ("bubble4.png");
bubble5=loadImage ("bubble5.png");
bubble6=loadImage ("bubble6.png");
bubble7=loadImage ("bubble7.png");
size (1000,700);
}
void draw(){
noCursor();
background (255);
imageMode (CORNER);
image(cososenzanome,mouseX-45,mouseY-45);
if (mousePressed){
x = mouseX;
y = mouseY;
if (bubbleGrowing == false){
bubbleGrowing = true;
big = 30;
}
big = big + 1;
}
if (bubbleAnimation || bubbleGrowing) {
float y2 = y;
if (bubbleAnimation) {
x=x+2;
y2 = y + sin(x / 13) * 10;
}
smooth();
strokeWeight (5);
stroke (random(255),random(255),random(255),100);
fill (random(255),60);
imageMode (CENTER);
}
for (int i = 0; i < balls.size(); i++) {
Bolle bolle = (Bolle) balls.get(i);
bolle.move();
bolle.drawShape();
}
}
void mouseReleased () {
bubbleAnimation = true;
bubbleGrowing = false;
}
void mousePressed() {
int bubbleNr = round(random(7));
if (bubbleNr == 0) {
bubble = bubble;
}
if (bubbleNr == 1) {
bubble = bubble1;
}
if (bubbleNr == 2) {
bubble = bubble2;
}
if (bubbleNr == 3) {
bubble = bubble3;
}
if (bubbleNr == 4) {
bubble = bubble4;
}
if (bubbleNr == 5) {
bubble = bubble5;
}
if (bubbleNr == 6) {
bubble = bubble6;
}
if (bubbleNr == 7) {
bubble = bubble7;
}
Bolle bolle = new Bolle(mouseX, mouseY, bubble);
balls.add(bolle);
}
</code></pre>
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<h1 style="text-align: center"><strong>𝍏</strong></h1>
</div>
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<div class="six columns">
<h4 style="margin-bottom: 1%">Interactive Blow and Burst of Giant Soap Bubbles</h4>
<h6>Namjung Kim + Kyoungju Park</h6>
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/namjun-1.jpg" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
</div>
<div class="five columns u-pull-right" style="margin-top: 18%">
<p> In this paper, a user interaction-based giant soap bubble simulation system is proposed in which the free-form shape, size, and position of giant soap bubbles <strong>are determined by the user’s hand motions</strong>. Our method improves the controllability of soap bubble simulation by correcting the jerky hand trajectory and hand velocity to a smooth and gradual path. Our air flow transfer algorithm can produce detailed deformation and standing wave for soap film in real time. Our novel soap film bursting algorithm represents the process of the bursting phenomenon of soap-film and giant soap bubbles in a unified framework. The results of our experiment demonstrate that the system allows the user to experience the giant soap bubble blowing and bursting process in a virtual environment.</p>
</div>
<div class="twelve columns">
<h6> 2.2. Related Work in Soap Bubble Simulation</h6>
<p>Durikovic [9] proposed a method to create small spherical soap bubbles from a fixed round tube and simulate elastic deformations based on a mass-spring system. Wei et al. [10] simulated deformation and oscillation of soap bubble using spherical harmonics, and Huszar and Szecsi [11] proposed a fast method that renders dense soap foam and models foam interaction. Zheng et al. [12] presented a regional level set technique to represent complex bubble clusters, and Pan et al. [13] proposed a robust method to model soap films and soap bubbles based on an energy minimization approach. Recently, Da et al. [14] proposed a technique that simulates realistic bubble clusters and deformation of soap films and bubbles using a Lagrangian vortex sheet, and Kim et al. [3] introduced a method to simulate the formation of giant soap bubbles by using the varying surface tension with Gibbs-Marangoni elasticity. These previous studies focused on developing algorithms that handle the physical and geometrical characteristics of soap films and soap bubbles, whereby the motion of the blowing tool was simulated with a manual input or fixed state. To the best of our knowledge, no efficient method is available that allows users to experience the blowing and bursting of 3D soap bubbles by their motions.</p>
</div>
<div class="twelve columns">
<h6> 2.3. Related Work in Air Effects</h6>
<p>Many physics-based modeling techniques have been presented to simulate the air effects of soap bubble and cloth. A study that simulates the interaction of a wind field with a lightweight deformable object including soap bubble has been proposed [10], but it did not consider the air effect inside the soap bubble. The inflatable model [15], in which air is inflated inside the deformable surface, has been proposed, but it focused on the air pressure inside the deformable surface and did not consider air flow. The giant soap bubble creation model [3] has been proposed, but it treated air effect as air pressure based on Young Laplace’s law. Chen et al. [16] proposed an efficient technique that realistically simulates air effects between cloth and a deformable object based on Darcy’s law and the air transfer method. However, these previous studies that deal with air effects of the soap bubble and cloth did not take into account the air flow inside the giant soap bubble.</p>
</div>
<div class="six columns u-pull-left" style="margin-top: 2%; text-align: center">
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/namjun-2.jpg" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
</div>
<div class="five columns u-pull-right" style="margin-top: 2%; text-align: center">
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/namjun-4.jpg" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
</div>
<div class="six columns u-pull-left" style="margin-top: 2%; text-align: center">
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/namjun-3.jpg" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
</div>
<div class="five columns u-pull-right" style="margin-top: 2%; text-align: center">
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/namjun-5.jpg" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
</div>
<div class="twelve columns u-pull-right" style="margin-top: 2%; text-align: center">
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/kinect.png" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
</div>
<div class="twelve columns">
<p style="text-align: center"><em><strong>Nota:</strong> este paper tiene un montón de fórmulas matemáticas para simular las burbujas. Puede ser útil después.</em></p>
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<h1 style="text-align: center"><strong>𝍏</strong></h1>
</div>
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<div class="twelve columns">
<h4 style="margin-bottom: 1%">Bubblearium</h4>
<h6>Experimentarium</h6>
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/bubblearium-2.jpg" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
<p>Making soap bubbles has always been one of the most engaging activities at Experimentarium. Our visitors intuitively love the beautiful, volatile bubbles and they experiment for hours. (...) Soap bubbles are amazingly engaging and can help explain phenomena such as refraction of light, minimal shapes and fluid streamlines. </p>
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/bubblearium-3.jpg" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%; text-align: center">
</div>
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<h1 style="text-align: center"><strong>𝍏</strong></h1>
</div>
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<h4 style="margin-bottom: 1%">Shaboned display: an interactive substantial display using soap bubbles</h4>
<h6>Shiho Hirayama + Yasuaki Kakehi</h6>
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/shaboned.png" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
<p>From childhood, we often play with bubbles. We find various aes- thetic elements in a series of actions of soap bubbles: appearing, ex- panding, floating, bursting and disappearing. This time, we utilize the movements of soap bubbles as a pixel of an image and propose a novel interactive substantial display named “Shaboned Display.” <br><br>
Mainly in the field of media art, many artists and designers have also used bubbles as a tool for expression. However, in most of the previous systems, bubbles float freely and randomly in air. For example, in “Bubble Cosmos [Nakamura et al. 2006]”, participants can interact with projection images by breaking floating bubbles with white smoke. “ephemeral melody [Suzuki et al. 2008]” also use bubbles as an interface. In this piece, musics are created ac- cording to the collisions of bubbles floating randomly. On the other hand, our Shaboned Display can show images by controlling the size of each soap bubble arranged in a matrix in a plane. As for the substantial displays, various types of material have also applied to construct visual images. One of the features of such display sys- tems is that each pixel has a physical form and we can touch them freely. In our system, we can use each soap bubble not only as a pixel of a display but also an input tool. By exploding the soap bubbles, the displayed images change interactively.</p>
</div>
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<h1 style="text-align: center"><strong>𝍏</strong></h1>
</div>
</div>
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<div class="row">
<div class="twelve columns">
<h4 style="margin-bottom: 1%">Bubble Cosmos</h4>
<h6>Masahiro Nakamura + Go Inaba + Jun Tamaoki + Kazuhito Shiratori + Junichi Hoshino</h6>
<div class="six columns u-pull-left" style="margin-top: 2%; text-align: center">
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/cosmos.png" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
</div>
<div class="five columns u-pull-right" style="margin-top: 2%">
<p>This paper proposes a bubble display system (Fig.1) that projects
an image onto a real bubble containing smoke and changes the
sound effect and image when the bubble bursts. This system
enables a user to interactively enjoy written characters or other
images projected onto a smoke-containing bubble, and a beautiful
tone sounded upon bursting of a bubble, along with a different
image projected onto the smoke. To detect a bubble and determine
its bursting, a camera input image is divided into areas and each
area is checked for a bubble. The bubble position and size are also
detected, and an image is projected from a projector.</p>
<p>By using a smoke-containing bubble as a screen, this system can
produce a visual effect never before available. Since an image is
not projected onto the surface of a bubble but onto smoke
contained in the bubble, the image appears to be inside the bubble.</p>
</div>
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<hr>
</div>
</div>
<br>
<div>
<h3 style="margin-bottom: 0%"><a>Ciencia detrás de las burbujas</a></h3>
<h6 style="margin-bottom: 1%"><a>Datos ñoños</a></h6>
<div class="six columns u-pull-left" style="margin-top: 2%; text-align: center">
<img class = "u-max-full-width" src="images/diagram3.png" alt="pop!" style="margin-bottom: 1%">
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<h3 style="margin-bottom: 0%"><a>Inspo y otros</a></h3>
<h6 style="margin-bottom: 1%"><a>Cositas chéveres</a></h6>
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<p>"The secret sauce of virtual reality is presence, the feeling of being in another place. Doing it well means tricking the brain’s normal defenses, and Schell likened it to a “fragile soap bubble” because the things that might “pop” presence are everywhere."
<br><em>-Eric Johnson, Vox.</em></p>
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<h4><em>“Put your worries in a bubble and blow them away.”</em></h4>
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<p><strong>Bubbles in Computing</strong></p>
<p>"Bubbles can be bits. Researchers made logic gates with bubbles that move through etched tubes and act like electrons in circuits. Because bubbles—unlike electrons—can also carry chemical payloads, a bubble computer could, in theory, ferry medications in addition to doing computations. <em><a href="https://www.popsci.com/article/science/science-bubbles/">https://www.popsci.com/article/science/science-bubbles/</a></em></p>
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