Changelog

All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.

0.26.3 - 2024-05-19

We are happy to announce a brand new Ratatui Forum 🐭 for Rust & TUI enthusiasts.

This is a patch release that fixes the unicode truncation bug, adds performance and quality of life improvements.

✨ Release highlights: https://ratatui.rs/highlights/v0263/

Features

97ee102 (buffer) Track_caller for index_of by @EdJoPaTo in #1046 **
```
The caller put in the wrong x/y -> the caller is the cause.
```
bf09234 (table) Make TableState::new const by @EdJoPaTo in #1040
eb281df (uncategorized) Use inner Display implementation by @EdJoPaTo in #1097

ec763af (uncategorized) Make Stylize's .bg(color) generic by @kdheepak in #1099

This PR makes `.bg(color)` generic accepting anything that can be
converted into `Color`; similar to the `.fg(color)` method on the same
trait

4d1784f (uncategorized) Re-export ParseColorError as style::ParseColorError by @joshka in #1086

Fixes:#1085

Bug Fixes

366cbae (buffer) Fix Debug panic and fix formatting of overridden parts by @EdJoPaTo in #1098

Fix panic in `Debug for Buffer` when `width == 0`.
Also corrects the output when symbols are overridden.

4392759 (examples) Changed user_input example to work with multi-byte unicode chars by @OkieOth in #1069

This is the proposed solution for issue #1068. It solves the bug in the
user_input example with multi-byte UTF-8 characters as input.

Fixes:#1068

20fc0dd (examples) Fix key handling in constraints by @psobolik in #1066

Add check for `KeyEventKind::Press` to constraints example's event
handler to eliminate double keys
on Windows.

Fixes:#1062

f4637d4 (reflow) Allow wrapping at zero width whitespace by @kxxt in #1074

699c2d7 (uncategorized) Unicode truncation bug by @joshka in #1089

- Rewrote the line / span rendering code to take into account how
multi-byte / wide emoji characters are truncated when rendering into
areas that cannot accommodate them in the available space
- Added comprehensive coverage over the edge cases
- Adds a benchmark to ensure perf

Fixes:#1032

b30411d (uncategorized) Termwiz underline color test by @joshka in #1094

Fixes code that doesn't compile in the termwiz tests when
underline-color feature is enabled.

5f1e119 (uncategorized) Correct feature flag typo for termwiz by @joshka in #1088
```
underline-color was incorrectly spelt as underline_color
```
0a16496 (uncategorized) Use to_string to serialize Color by @SleepySwords in #934
```
Since deserialize now uses `FromStr` to deserialize color, serializing
`Color` RGB values, as well as index values, would produce an output
that would no longer be able to be deserialized without causing an
error.
```
Color::Rgb will now be serialized as the hex representation of their value. For example, with serde_json, Color::Rgb(255, 0, 255) would be serialized as "#FF00FF" rather than {"Rgb": [255, 0, 255]}.

Color::Indexed will now be serialized as just the string of the index. For example, with serde_json, Color::Indexed(10) would be serialized as "10" rather than {"Indexed": 10}.

Other color variants remain the same.

Refactor

2cfe82a (buffer) Deprecate assert_buffer_eq! in favor of assert_eq! by @EdJoPaTo in #1007

- Simplify `assert_buffer_eq!` logic.
- Deprecate `assert_buffer_eq!`.
- Introduce `TestBackend::assert_buffer_lines`.

Also simplify many tests involving buffer comparisons.

For the deprecation, just use `assert_eq` instead of `assert_buffer_eq`:

```diff
-assert_buffer_eq!(actual, expected);
+assert_eq!(actual, expected);
```

---

I noticed `assert_buffer_eq!` creating no test coverage reports and
looked into this macro. First I simplified it. Then I noticed a bunch of
`assert_eq!(buffer, …)` and other indirect usages of this macro (like
`TestBackend::assert_buffer`).

The good thing here is that it's mainly used in tests so not many
changes to the library code.

baedc39 (buffer) Simplify set_stringn logic by @EdJoPaTo in #1083

9bd89c2 (clippy) Enable breaking lint checks by @EdJoPaTo in #988

We need to make sure to not change existing methods without a notice.
But at the same time this also finds public additions with mistakes
before they are even released which is what I would like to have.

This renames a method and deprecated the old name hinting to a new name.
Should this be mentioned somewhere, so it's added to the release notes?
It's not breaking because the old method is still there.

bef5bcf (example) Remove pointless new method by @EdJoPaTo in #1038
```
Use `App::default()` directly.
```
f3172c5 (gauge) Fix internal typo by @EdJoPaTo in #1048

Documentation

da1ade7 (github) Update code owners about past maintainers by @orhun in #1073

As per suggestion in
https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/pull/1067#issuecomment-2079766990

It's good for historical purposes!

3687f78 (github) Update code owners by @orhun in #1067

Removes the team members that are not able to review PRs recently (with
their approval ofc)

839cca2 (table) Fix typo in docs for highlight_symbol by @kdheepak in #1108
f945a0b (test) Fix typo in TestBackend documentation by @orhun in #1107
828d17a (uncategorized) Add minimal example by @joshka in #1114
e95230b (uncategorized) Add note about scrollbar state content length by @Utagai in #1077

Performance

366c2a0 (block) Use Block::bordered by @EdJoPaTo in #1041

Block::bordered() is shorter than

Block::new().borders(Borders::ALL), requires one less import (Borders) and in case Block::default() was used before can even be const.

2e71c18 (buffer) Simplify Buffer::filled with macro by @EdJoPaTo in #1036

The `vec![]` macro is highly optimized by the Rust team and shorter.
Don't do it manually.

This change is mainly cleaner code. The only production code that uses
this is `Terminal::with_options` and `Terminal::insert_before` so it's
not performance relevant on every render.

81b9633 (calendar) Use const fn by @EdJoPaTo in #1039

Also, do the comparison without `as u8`. Stays the same at runtime and
is cleaner code.

c442dfd (canvas) Change map data to const instead of static by @EdJoPaTo in #1037
1706b0a (crossterm) Speed up combined fg and bg color changes by up to 20% by @joshka in #1072

1a4bb1c (layout) Avoid allocating memory when using split ergonomic utils by @tranzystorekk in #1105

Don't create intermediate vec in `Layout::areas` and
`Layout::spacers` when there's no need for one.

Styling

aa4260f (uncategorized) Use std::fmt instead of importing Debug and Display by @joshka in #1087

This is a small universal style change to avoid making this change a
part of other PRs.

[rationale](https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/pull/1083#discussion_r1588466060)

Testing

3cc29bd (block) Use rstest to simplify test cases by @EdJoPaTo in #1095

Miscellaneous Tasks

5fbb77a (readme) Use terminal theme for badges by @TadoTheMiner in #1026

The badges in the readme were all the default theme. Giving them
prettier colors that match the terminal gif is better. I've used the
colors from the VHS repo.

bef2bc1 (cargo) Add homepage to Cargo.toml by @joshka in #1080
76e5fe5 (uncategorized) Revert "Make Stylize's .bg(color) generic" by @kdheepak in #1102
```
This reverts commit ec763af8512df731799c8f30c38c37252068a4c4 from #1099
```
64eb391 (uncategorized) Fixup cargo lint for windows targets by @joshka in #1071
```
Crossterm brings in multiple versions of the same dep
```

326a461 (uncategorized) Add package categories field by @mcskware in #1035

Add the package categories field in Cargo.toml, with value
`["command-line-interface"]`. This fixes the (currently non-default)
clippy cargo group lint
[`clippy::cargo_common_metadata`](https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/index.html#/cargo_common_metadata).

As per discussion in [Cargo package categories
suggestions](https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/discussions/1034),
this lint is not suggested to be run by default in CI, but rather as an
occasional one-off as part of the larger
[`clippy::cargo`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/clippy/lints.html#cargo)
lint group.

Build

4955380 (uncategorized) Remove pre-push hooks by @joshka in #1115
28e81c0 (uncategorized) Add underline-color to all features flag in makefile by @joshka in #1100

c75aa19 (uncategorized) Add clippy::cargo lint by @joshka in #1053

Followup to https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/pull/1035 and
https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/discussions/1034

It's reasonable to enable this and deal with breakage by fixing any
specific issues that arise.

New Contributors

@Utagai made their first contribution in #1077
@kxxt made their first contribution in #1074
@OkieOth made their first contribution in #1069
@psobolik made their first contribution in #1066
@SleepySwords made their first contribution in #934
@mcskware made their first contribution in #1035

Full Changelog: https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/compare/v0.26.2...v0.26.3

0.26.2 - 2024-04-15

This is a patch release that fixes bugs and adds enhancements, including new iterator constructors, List scroll padding, and various rendering improvements. ✨

✨ Release highlights: https://ratatui.rs/highlights/v0262/

Features

11b452d (layout) Mark various functions as const by @EdJoPaTo in #951

1cff511 (line) Impl Styled for Line by @joshka in #968

This adds `FromIterator` impls for `Line` and `Text` that allow creating
`Line` and `Text` instances from iterators of `Span` and `Line`
instances, respectively.

```rust
let line = Line::from_iter(vec!["Hello".blue(), " world!".green()]);
let line: Line = iter::once("Hello".blue())
    .chain(iter::once(" world!".green()))
    .collect();
let text = Text::from_iter(vec!["The first line", "The second line"]);
let text: Text = iter::once("The first line")
    .chain(iter::once("The second line"))
    .collect();
```

654949b (list) Add Scroll Padding to Lists by @CameronBarnes in #958

Introduces scroll padding, which allows the api user to request that a certain number of ListItems be kept visible above and below the currently selected item while scrolling.

```rust
let list = List::new(items).scroll_padding(1);
```

Fixes:#955

26af650 (text) Add push methods for text and line by @joshka in #998

Adds the following methods to the `Text` and `Line` structs:
- Text::push_line
- Text::push_span
- Line::push_span

This allows for adding lines and spans to a text object without having
to call methods on the fields directly, which is useful for incremental
construction of text objects.

b5bdde0 (text) Add FromIterator impls for Line and Text by @joshka in #967

This adds `FromIterator` impls for `Line` and `Text` that allow creating
`Line` and `Text` instances from iterators of `Span` and `Line`
instances, respectively.

```rust
let line = Line::from_iter(vec!["Hello".blue(), " world!".green()]);
let line: Line = iter::once("Hello".blue())
    .chain(iter::once(" world!".green()))
    .collect();
let text = Text::from_iter(vec!["The first line", "The second line"]);
let text: Text = iter::once("The first line")
    .chain(iter::once("The second line"))
    .collect();
```

12f67e8 (uncategorized) Impl Widget for &str and String by @kdheepak in #952

Currently, `f.render_widget("hello world".bold(), area)` works but
`f.render_widget("hello world", area)` doesn't. This PR changes that my
implementing `Widget` for `&str` and `String`. This makes it easier to
render strings with no styles as widgets.

Example usage:

```rust
terminal.draw(|f| f.render_widget("Hello World!", f.size()))?;
```

---------

Bug Fixes

0207160 (line) Line truncation respects alignment by @TadoTheMiner in #987

When rendering a `Line`, the line will be truncated:
- on the right for left aligned lines
- on the left for right aligned lines
- on bot sides for centered lines

E.g. "Hello World" will be rendered as "Hello", "World", "lo wo" for
left, right, centered lines respectively.

Fixes:#932

c56f49b (list) Saturating_sub to fix highlight_symbol overflow by @mrjackwills in #949

An overflow (pedantically an underflow) can occur if the
highlight_symbol is a multi-byte char, and area is reduced to a size
less than that char length.

b7778e5 (paragraph) Unit test typo by @joshka in #1022

943c043 (scrollbar) Dont render on 0 length track by @EdJoPaTo in #964

Fixes a panic when `track_length - 1` is used. (clamp panics on `-1.0`
being smaller than `0.0`)

742a5ea (text) Fix panic when rendering out of bounds by @joshka in #997

Previously it was possible to cause a panic when rendering to an area
outside of the buffer bounds. Instead this now correctly renders nothing
to the buffer.

f6c4e44 (uncategorized) Ensure that paragraph correctly renders styled text by @joshka in #992
```
Paragraph was ignoring the new `Text::style` field added in 0.26.0
```
Fixes:#990

35e971f (uncategorized) Scrollbar thumb not visible on long lists by @ThomasMiz in #959

When displaying somewhat-long lists, the `Scrollbar` widget sometimes did not display a thumb character, and only the track will be visible.

Refactor

6fd5f63 (lint) Prefer idiomatic for loops by @EdJoPaTo
37b957c (lints) Add lints to scrollbar by @EdJoPaTo

c12bcfe (non-src) Apply pedantic lints by @EdJoPaTo in #976

Fixes many not yet enabled lints (mostly pedantic) on everything that is
not the lib (examples, benches, tests). Therefore, this is not containing
anything that can be a breaking change.

Lints are not enabled as that should be the job of #974. I created this
as a separate PR as its mostly independent and would only clutter up the
diff of #974 even more.

Also see
https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/pull/974#discussion_r1506458743

---------

8719608 (span) Rename to_aligned_line into into_aligned_line by @EdJoPaTo in #993

With the Rust method naming conventions these methods are into methods
consuming the Span. Therefore, it's more consistent to use `into_`
instead of `to_`.

```rust
Span::to_centered_line
Span::to_left_aligned_line
Span::to_right_aligned_line
```

Are marked deprecated and replaced with the following

```rust
Span::into_centered_line
Span::into_left_aligned_line
Span::into_right_aligned_line
```

b831c56 (widget-ref) Clippy::needless_pass_by_value by @EdJoPaTo
359204c (uncategorized) Simplify to io::Result by @EdJoPaTo in #1016
```
Simplifies the code, logic stays exactly the same.
```
8e68db9 (uncategorized) Remove pointless default on internal structs by @EdJoPaTo in #980

See #978

Also remove other derives. They are unused and just slow down compilation.

3be189e (uncategorized) Clippy::thread_local_initializer_can_be_made_const by @EdJoPaTo
```
enabled by default on nightly
```
5c4efac (uncategorized) Clippy::map_err_ignore by @EdJoPaTo
bbb6d65 (uncategorized) Clippy::else_if_without_else by @EdJoPaTo
fdb14dc (uncategorized) Clippy::redundant_type_annotations by @EdJoPaTo
9b3b23a (uncategorized) Remove literal suffix by @EdJoPaTo
```
its not needed and can just be assumed
```
related:clippy::(un)separated_literal_suffix
58b6e0b (uncategorized) Clippy::should_panic_without_expect by @EdJoPaTo
c870a41 (uncategorized) Clippy::many_single_char_names by @EdJoPaTo
a6036ad (uncategorized) Clippy::similar_names by @EdJoPaTo
060d26b (uncategorized) Clippy::match_same_arms by @EdJoPaTo
fcbea9e (uncategorized) Clippy::uninlined_format_args by @EdJoPaTo
14b24e7 (uncategorized) Clippy::if_not_else by @EdJoPaTo
5ed1f43 (uncategorized) Clippy::redundant_closure_for_method_calls by @EdJoPaTo
c8c7924 (uncategorized) Clippy::too_many_lines by @EdJoPaTo
e3afe7c (uncategorized) Clippy::unreadable_literal by @EdJoPaTo
a1f54de (uncategorized) Clippy::bool_to_int_with_if by @EdJoPaTo
b8ea190 (uncategorized) Clippy::cast_lossless by @EdJoPaTo

0de5238 (uncategorized) Dead_code by @EdJoPaTo

enabled by default, only detected by nightly yet

df5dddf (uncategorized) Unused_imports by @EdJoPaTo

enabled by default, only detected on nightly yet

f1398ae (uncategorized) Clippy::useless_vec by @EdJoPaTo

Lint enabled by default but only nightly finds this yet

525848f (uncategorized) Manually apply clippy::use_self for impl with lifetimes by @EdJoPaTo
660c718 (uncategorized) Clippy::empty_line_after_doc_comments by @EdJoPaTo
ab951fa (uncategorized) Clippy::return_self_not_must_use by @EdJoPaTo
3cd4369 (uncategorized) Clippy::doc_markdown by @EdJoPaTo
9bc014d (uncategorized) Clippy::items_after_statements by @EdJoPaTo
36a0cd5 (uncategorized) Clippy::deref_by_slicing by @EdJoPaTo
f7f6692 (uncategorized) Clippy::equatable_if_let by @EdJoPaTo
01418eb (uncategorized) Clippy::default_trait_access by @EdJoPaTo
8536760 (uncategorized) Clippy::inefficient_to_string by @EdJoPaTo
a558b19 (uncategorized) Clippy::implicit_clone by @EdJoPaTo
5b00e3a (uncategorized) Clippy::use_self by @EdJoPaTo
27680c0 (uncategorized) Clippy::semicolon_if_nothing_returned by @EdJoPaTo

Documentation

14461c3 (breaking-changes) Typos and markdownlint by @EdJoPaTo in #1009
d0067c8 (license) Update copyright years by @orhun in #962
88bfb5a (text) Update Text and Line docs by @joshka in #969
3b002fd (uncategorized) Update incompatible code warning in examples readme by @joshka in #1013

Performance

e02f476 (borders) Allow border!() in const by @EdJoPaTo in #977

This allows more compiler optimizations when the macro is used.

541f0f9 (cell) Use const CompactString::new_inline by @EdJoPaTo in #979

Some minor find when messing around trying to `const` all the things.

While `reset()` and `default()` can not be `const` it's still a benefit
when their contents are.

65e7923 (scrollbar) Const creation by @EdJoPaTo in #963

A bunch of `const fn` allow for more performance and `Default` now uses the `const` new implementations.

8195f52 (uncategorized) Clippy::needless_pass_by_value by @EdJoPaTo
183c07e (uncategorized) Clippy::trivially_copy_pass_by_ref by @EdJoPaTo
a13867f (uncategorized) Clippy::cloned_instead_of_copied by @EdJoPaTo
3834374 (uncategorized) Clippy::missing_const_for_fn by @EdJoPaTo

Miscellaneous Tasks

125ee92 (docs) Fix: fix typos in crate documentation by @orhun in #1002
38c17e0 (editorconfig) Set and apply some defaults by @EdJoPaTo
07da90a (funding) Add eth address for receiving funds from drips.network by @BenJam in #994
078e97e (github) Add EdJoPaTo as a maintainer by @orhun in #986

b0314c5 (uncategorized) Remove conventional commit check for PR by @Valentin271 in #950

This removes conventional commit check for PRs.

Since we use the PR title and description this is useless. It fails a
lot of time and we ignore it.

IMPORTANT NOTE: This does **not** mean Ratatui abandons conventional
commits. This only relates to commits in PRs.

Build

6e6ba27 (lint) Warn on pedantic and allow the rest by @EdJoPaTo

c4ce7e8 (uncategorized) Enable more satisfied lints by @EdJoPaTo

These lints dont generate warnings and therefore dont need refactoring.
I think they are useful in the future.

a4e84a6 (uncategorized) Increase msrv to 1.74.0 by @EdJoPaTo [breaking]
```
configure lints in Cargo.toml requires 1.74.0
```
BREAKING CHANGE:rust 1.74 is required now

New Contributors

@TadoTheMiner made their first contribution in #987
@BenJam made their first contribution in #994
@CameronBarnes made their first contribution in #958
@ThomasMiz made their first contribution in #959

Full Changelog: https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/compare/v0.26.1...0.26.2

0.26.1 - 2024-02-12

This is a patch release that fixes bugs and adds enhancements, including new iterators, title options for blocks, and various rendering improvements. ✨

Features

74a0511 (rect) Add Rect::positions iterator (#928)

Useful for performing some action on all the cells in a particular area.
E.g.,

```rust
fn render(area: Rect, buf: &mut Buffer) {
   for position in area.positions() {
        buf.get_mut(position.x, position.y).set_symbol("x");
    }
}
```

9182f47 (uncategorized) Add Block::title_top and Block::title_top_bottom (#940)

This adds the ability to add titles to the top and bottom of a block
without having to use the `Title` struct (which will be removed in a
future release - likely v0.28.0).

Fixes a subtle bug if the title was created from a right aligned Line
and was also right aligned. The title would be rendered one cell too far
to the right.

```rust
Block::bordered()
    .title_top(Line::raw("A").left_aligned())
    .title_top(Line::raw("B").centered())
    .title_top(Line::raw("C").right_aligned())
    .title_bottom(Line::raw("D").left_aligned())
    .title_bottom(Line::raw("E").centered())
    .title_bottom(Line::raw("F").right_aligned())
    .render(buffer.area, &mut buffer);
// renders
"┌A─────B─────C┐",
"│             │",
"└D─────E─────F┘",
```

Addresses part of https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/issues/738

Bug Fixes

2202059 (block) Fix crash on empty right aligned title (#933)

- Simplified implementation of the rendering for block.
- Introduces a subtle rendering change where centered titles that are
  odd in length will now be rendered one character to the left compared
  to before. This aligns with other places that we render centered text
  and is a more consistent behavior. See
  https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/pull/807#discussion_r1455645954
  for another example of this.

Fixes: #929

14c67fb (list) Highlight symbol when using a multi-bytes char (#924)

ratatui v0.26.0 brought a regression in the List widget, in which the
highlight symbol width was incorrectly calculated - specifically when
the highlight symbol was a multi-char character, e.g. `▶`.

0dcdbea (paragraph) Render Line::styled correctly inside a paragraph (#930)

Renders the styled graphemes of the line instead of the contained spans.

fae5862 (uncategorized) Ensure that buffer::set_line sets the line style (#926)

Fixes a regression in 0.26 where buffer::set_line was no longer setting
the style. This was due to the new style field on Line instead of being
stored only in the spans.

Also adds a configuration for just running unit tests to bacon.toml.

fbb5dfa (uncategorized) Scrollbar rendering when no track symbols are provided (#911)

Refactor

c3fb258 (rect) Move iters to module and add docs (#927)
e51ca6e (uncategorized) Finish tidying up table (#942)
91040c0 (uncategorized) Rearrange block structure (#939)

Documentation

61a8278 (canvas) Add documentation to canvas module (#913)

Document the whole `canvas` module. With this, the whole `widgets`
module is documented.

d2d91f7 (changelog) Add sponsors section (#908)
410d08b (uncategorized) Add link to FOSDEM 2024 talk (#944)
1f208ff (uncategorized) Add GitHub Sponsors badge (#943)

Performance

0963463 (uncategorized) Use drain instead of remove in chart examples (#922)

Miscellaneous Tasks

a4892ad (uncategorized) Fix typo in docsrs example (#946)
18870ce (uncategorized) Fix the method name for setting the Line style (#947)

8fb4630 (uncategorized) Remove github action bot that makes comments nudging commit signing (#937)

We can consider reverting this commit once this PR is merged:
https://github.com/1Password/check-signed-commits-action/pull/9

Contributors

Thank you so much to everyone that contributed to this release!

Here is the list of contributors who have contributed to ratatui for the first time!

@mo8it
@m4rch3n1ng

0.26.0 - 2024-02-02

We are excited to announce the new version of ratatui - a Rust library that's all about cooking up TUIs 🐭

In this version, we have primarily focused on simplifications and quality-of-life improvements for providing a more intuitive and user-friendly experience while building TUIs.

✨ Release highlights: https://ratatui.rs/highlights/v026/

⚠️ List of breaking changes can be found here.

💖 Consider sponsoring us at https://github.com/sponsors/ratatui-org!

Features

79ceb9f (line) Add alignment convenience functions (#856)

This adds convenience functions `left_aligned()`, `centered()` and
`right_aligned()` plus unit tests. Updated example code.

0df9354 (padding) Add new constructors for padding (#828)

Adds `proportional`, `symmetric`, `left`, `right`, `top`, and `bottom`
constructors for Padding struct.

Proportional is
```
/// **NOTE**: Terminal cells are often taller than they are wide, so to make horizontal and vertical
/// padding seem equal, doubling the horizontal padding is usually pretty good.
```

Fixes:#798

d726e92 (paragraph) Add alignment convenience functions (#866)

Added convenience functions left_aligned(), centered() and
right_aligned() plus unit tests. Updated example code.

c1ed5c3 (span) Add alignment functions (#873)

Implemented functions that convert Span into a
left-/center-/right-aligned Line. Implemented unit tests.

Closes #853

b80264d (text) Add alignment convenience functions (#862)

Adds convenience functions `left_aligned()`, `centered()` and
`right_aligned()` plus unit tests.

23f6938 (block) Add Block::bordered (#736)

This avoid creating a block with no borders and then settings Borders::ALL. i.e.

```diff
- Block::default().borders(Borders::ALL);
+ Block::bordered();
```

ffd5fc7 (color) Add Color::from_u32 constructor (#785)

Convert a u32 in the format 0x00RRGGBB to a Color.

```rust
let white = Color::from_u32(0x00FFFFFF);
let black = Color::from_u32(0x00000000);
```

4f2db82 (color) Use the FromStr implementation for deserialization (#705)

The deserialize implementation for Color used to support only the enum
names (e.g. Color, LightRed, etc.) With this change, you can use any of
the strings supported by the FromStr implementation (e.g. black,
light-red, #00ff00, etc.)

1cbe1f5 (constraints) Rename Constraint::Proportional to Constraint::Fill (#880)

Constraint::Fill is a more intuitive name for the behavior, and it is shorter.

Resolves #859

dfd6db9 (demo2) Add destroy mode to celebrate commit 1000! (#809)

```shell
cargo run --example demo2 --features="crossterm widget-calendar"
```

Press `d` to activate destroy mode and Enjoy!

![Destroy
Demo2](https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/blob/1d39444e3dea6f309cf9035be2417ac711c1abc9/examples/demo2-destroy.gif?raw=true)

Vendors a copy of tui-big-text to allow us to use it in the demo.

540fd2d (layout) Change Flex::default() (#881) [breaking]

This PR makes a number of simplifications to the layout and constraint
features that were added after v0.25.0.

For users upgrading from v0.25.0, the net effect of this PR (along with
the other PRs) is the following:

- New `Flex` modes have been added.
  - `Flex::Start` (new default)
  - `Flex::Center`
  - `Flex::End`
  - `Flex::SpaceAround`
  - `Flex::SpaceBetween`
  - `Flex::Legacy` (old default)
- `Min(v)` grows to allocate excess space in all `Flex` modes instead of
shrinking (except in `Flex::Legacy` where it retains old behavior).
- `Fill(1)` grows to allocate excess space, growing equally with
`Min(v)`.

---

The following contains a summary of the changes in this PR and the
motivation behind them.

**`Flex`**

- Removes `Flex::Stretch`
- Renames `Flex::StretchLast` to `Flex::Legacy`

**`Constraint`**

- Removes `Fixed`
- Makes `Min(v)` grow as much as possible everywhere (except
`Flex::Legacy` where it retains the old behavior)
- Makes `Min(v)` grow equally as `Fill(1)` while respecting `Min` lower
bounds. When `Fill` and `Min` are used together, they both fill excess
space equally.

Allowing `Min(v)` to grow still allows users to build the same layouts
as before with `Flex::Start` with no breaking changes to the behavior.

This PR also removes the unstable feature `SegmentSize`.

This is a breaking change to the behavior of constraints. If users want
old behavior, they can use `Flex::Legacy`.

```rust
Layout::vertical([Length(25), Length(25)]).flex(Flex::Legacy)
```

Users that have constraint that exceed the available space will probably
not see any difference or see an improvement in their layouts. Any
layout with `Min` will be identical in `Flex::Start` and `Flex::Legacy`
so any layout with `Min` will not be breaking.

Previously, `Table` used `EvenDistribution` internally by default, but
with that gone the default is now `Flex::Start`. This changes the
behavior of `Table` (for the better in most cases). The only way for
users to get exactly the same as the old behavior is to change their
constraints. I imagine most users will be happier out of the box with
the new Table default.

Resolves https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/issues/843

Thanks to @joshka for the direction

bbcfa55 (layout) Add Rect::contains method (#882)

This is useful for performing hit tests (i.e. did the user click in an
area).

736605e (layout) Add default impl for Position (#869)

1e75596 (layout) Increase default cache size to 500 (#850)

This is a somewhat arbitrary size for the layout cache based on adding
the columns and rows on my laptop's terminal (171+51 = 222) and doubling
it for good measure and then adding a bit more to make it a round
number. This gives enough entries to store a layout for every row and
every column, twice over, which should be enough for most apps. For
those that need more, the cache size can be set with
`Layout::init_cache()`.

Fixes:#820

2819eea (layout) Add Position struct (#790)

This stores the x and y coordinates (columns and rows)

- add conversions from Rect
- add conversion with Size to Rect
- add Rect::as_position

1561d64 (layout) Add Rect -> Size conversion methods (#789)

- add Size::new() constructor
- add Rect::as_size()
- impl From<Rect> for Size
- document and add tests for Size

f13fd73 (layout) Add Rect::clamp() method (#749)

* feat(layout): add a Rect::clamp() method

This ensures a rectangle does not end up outside an area. This is useful
when you want to be able to dynamically move a rectangle around, but
keep it constrained to a certain area.

For example, this can be used to implement a draggable window that can
be moved around, but not outside the terminal window.

```rust
let window_area = Rect::new(state.x, state.y, 20, 20).clamp(area);
state.x = rect.x;
state.y = rect.y;
```

* refactor: use rstest to simplify clamp test

* fix: use rstest description instead of string

test layout::rect::tests::clamp::case_01_inside ... ok
test layout::rect::tests::clamp::case_02_up_left ... ok
test layout::rect::tests::clamp::case_04_up_right ... ok
test layout::rect::tests::clamp::case_05_left ... ok
test layout::rect::tests::clamp::case_03_up ... ok
test layout::rect::tests::clamp::case_06_right ... ok
test layout::rect::tests::clamp::case_07_down_left ... ok
test layout::rect::tests::clamp::case_08_down ... ok
test layout::rect::tests::clamp::case_09_down_right ... ok
test layout::rect::tests::clamp::case_10_too_wide ... ok
test layout::rect::tests::clamp::case_11_too_tall ... ok
test layout::rect::tests::clamp::case_12_too_large ... ok

* fix: less ambiguous docs for this / other rect

* fix: move rstest to dev deps

98bcf1c (layout) Add Rect::split method (#729)

This method splits a Rect and returns a fixed-size array of the
resulting Rects. This allows the caller to use array destructuring
to get the individual Rects.

```rust
use Constraint::*;
let layout = &Layout::vertical([Length(1), Min(0)]);
let [top, main] = area.split(&layout);
```

0494ee5 (layout) Accept Into for constructors (#744)

This allows Layout constructors to accept any type that implements
Into<Constraint> instead of just AsRef<Constraint>. This is useful when
you want to specify a fixed size for a layout, but don't want to
explicitly create a Constraint::Length yourself.

```rust
Layout::new(Direction::Vertical, [1, 2, 3]);
Layout::horizontal([1, 2, 3]);
Layout::vertical([1, 2, 3]);
Layout::default().constraints([1, 2, 3]);
```

7ab12ed (layout) Add horizontal and vertical constructors (#728)

* feat(layout): add vertical and horizontal constructors

This commit adds two new constructors to the `Layout` struct, which
allow the user to create a vertical or horizontal layout with default
values.

```rust
let layout = Layout::vertical([
    Constraint::Length(10),
    Constraint::Min(5),
    Constraint::Length(10),
]);

let layout = Layout::horizontal([
    Constraint::Length(10),
    Constraint::Min(5),
    Constraint::Length(10),
]);
```

4278b40 (line) Implement iterators for Line (#896)

This allows iterating over the `Span`s of a line using `for` loops and
other iterator methods.

- add `iter` and `iter_mut` methods to `Line`
- implement `IntoIterator` for `Line`, `&Line`, and `&mut Line` traits
- update call sites to iterate over `Line` rather than `Line::spans`

5d410c6 (line) Implement Widget for Line (#715)

This allows us to use Line as a child of other widgets, and to use
Line::render() to render it rather than calling buffer.set_line().

```rust
frame.render_widget(Line::raw("Hello, world!"), area);
// or
Line::raw("Hello, world!").render(frame, area);
```

c977293 (line) Add style field, setters and docs (#708) [breaking]

- The `Line` struct now stores the style of the line rather than each
  `Span` storing it.
- Adds two new setters for style and spans
- Adds missing docs

BREAKING CHANGE:Line::style is now a field of Line instead of being stored in each Span.

bbf2f90 (rect.rs) Implement Rows and Columns iterators in Rect (#765)

This enables iterating over rows and columns of a Rect. In tern being able to use that with other iterators and simplify looping over cells.

fe06f0c (serde) Support TableState, ListState, and ScrollbarState (#723)

TableState, ListState, and ScrollbarState can now be serialized and deserialized
using serde.

```rust
#[derive(Debug, Clone, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
struct AppState {
    list_state: ListState,
    table_state: TableState,
    scrollbar_state: ScrollbarState,
}

let app_state = AppState::default();
let serialized = serde_json::to_string(app_state);

let app_state = serde_json::from_str(serialized);
```

37c1836 (span) Implement Widget on Span (#709)

This allows us to use Span as a child of other widgets, and to use
Span::render() to render it rather than calling buffer.set_span().

```rust
frame.render_widget(Span::raw("Hello, world!"), area);
// or
Span::raw("Hello, world!").render(frame, area);
// or even
"Hello, world!".green().render(frame, area);
```

e1e85aa (style) Add material design color palette (#786)

The `ratatui::style::palette::material` module contains the Google 2014
Material Design palette.

See https://m2.material.io/design/color/the-color-system.html#tools-for-picking-colors
for more information.

```rust
use ratatui::style::palette::material::BLUE_GRAY;
Line::styled("Hello", BLUE_GRAY.c500);
```

bf67850 (style) Add tailwind color palette (#787)

The `ratatui::style::palette::tailwind` module contains the default
Tailwind color palette. This is useful for styling components with
colors that match the Tailwind color palette.

See https://tailwindcss.com/docs/customizing-colors for more information
on Tailwind.

```rust
use ratatui::style::palette::tailwind::SLATE;
Line::styled("Hello", SLATE.c500);
```

27e9216 (table) Remove allow deprecated attribute used previously for segment_size ✨ (#875)

a489d85 (table) Deprecate SegmentSize on table (#842)

This adds for table:

- Added new flex method with flex field
- Deprecated segment_size method and removed segment_size field
- Updated documentation
- Updated tests

c69ca47 (table) Collect iterator of Row into Table (#774) [breaking]
```
Any iterator whose item is convertible into `Row` can now be
collected into a `Table`.

Where previously, `Table::new` accepted `IntoIterator<Item = Row>`, it
now accepts `IntoIterator<Item: Into<Row>>`.
```
BREAKING CHANGE:The compiler can no longer infer the element type of the container passed to Table::new(). For example, Table::new(vec![], widths) will no longer compile, as the type of vec![] can no longer be inferred.

2faa879 (table) Accept Text for highlight_symbol (#781)

This allows for multi-line symbols to be used as the highlight symbol.

```rust
let table = Table::new(rows, widths)
    .highlight_symbol(Text::from(vec![
        "".into(),
        " █ ".into(),
        " █ ".into(),
        "".into(),
    ]));
```

e64e194 (table) Implement FromIterator for widgets::Row (#755)

The `Row::new` constructor accepts a single argument that implements
`IntoIterator`.  This commit adds an implementation of `FromIterator`,
as a thin wrapper around `Row::new`.  This allows `.collect::<Row>()`
to be used at the end of an iterator chain, rather than wrapping the
entire iterator chain in `Row::new`.

803a72d (table) Accept Into for widths (#745)

This allows Table constructors to accept any type that implements
Into<Constraint> instead of just AsRef<Constraint>. This is useful when
you want to specify a fixed size for a table columns, but don't want to
explicitly create a Constraint::Length yourself.

```rust
Table::new(rows, [1,2,3])
Table::default().widths([1,2,3])
```

f025d2b (table) Add Table::footer and Row::top_margin methods (#722)
```
* feat(table): Add a Table::footer method
```
f29c73f (tabs) Accept Iterators of Line in constructors (#776) [breaking]
```
Any iterator whose item is convertible into `Line` can now be
collected into `Tabs`.

In addition, where previously `Tabs::new` required a `Vec`, it can now
accept any object that implements `IntoIterator` with an item type
implementing `Into<Line>`.
```
BREAKING CHANGE:Calls to Tabs::new() whose argument is collected from an iterator will no longer compile. For example,

Tabs::new(["a","b"].into_iter().collect()) will no longer compile, because the return type of .collect() can no longer be inferred to be a Vec<_>.

b459228 (termwiz) Add From termwiz style impls (#726)

Important note: this also fixes a wrong mapping between ratatui's gray
and termwiz's grey. `ratatui::Color::Gray` now maps to
`termwiz::color::AnsiColor::Silver`

9ba7354 (text) Implement iterators for Text (#900)

This allows iterating over the `Lines`s of a text using `for` loops and
other iterator methods.

- add `iter` and `iter_mut` methods to `Text`
- implement `IntoIterator` for `Text`, `&Text`, and `&mut Text` traits
- update call sites to iterate over `Text` rather than `Text::lines`

68d5783 (text) Add style and alignment (#807)

Fixes #758, fixes #801

This PR adds:

style and alignment to Text
impl Widget for Text
replace Text manual draw to call for Widget impl

All places that use Text have been updated and support its new features expect paragraph which still has a custom implementation.

815757f (widgets) Implement Widget for Widget refs (#833)

Many widgets can be rendered without changing their state.

This commit implements The `Widget` trait for references to
widgets and changes their implementations to be immutable.

This allows us to render widgets without consuming them by passing a ref
to the widget when calling `Frame::render_widget()`.

```rust
// this might be stored in a struct
let paragraph = Paragraph::new("Hello world!");

let [left, right] = area.split(&Layout::horizontal([20, 20]));
frame.render_widget(&paragraph, left);
frame.render_widget(&paragraph, right); // we can reuse the widget
```

Implemented for all widgets except BarChart (which has an implementation
that modifies the internal state and requires a rewrite to fix.

Other widgets will be implemented in follow up commits.

Fixes:#164 Replaces PRs: #122 and

#16

Enables:#132 Validated as a viable working solution by:

#836

eb79256 (widgets) Collect iterator of ListItem into List (#775)

Any iterator whose item is convertible into `ListItem` can now be
collected into a `List`.

```rust
let list: List = (0..3).map(|i| format!("Item{i}")).collect();
```

c8dd879 (uncategorized) Add WidgetRef and StatefulWidgetRef traits (#903)

The Widget trait consumes self, which makes it impossible to use in a
boxed context. Previously we implemented the Widget trait for &T, but
this was not enough to render a boxed widget. We now have a new trait
called `WidgetRef` that allows rendering a widget by reference. This
trait is useful when you want to store a reference to one or more
widgets and render them later. Additionally this makes it possible to
render boxed widgets where the type is not known at compile time (e.g.
in a composite layout with multiple panes of different types).

This change also adds a new trait called `StatefulWidgetRef` which is
the stateful equivalent of `WidgetRef`.

Both new traits are gated behind the `unstable-widget-ref` feature flag
as we may change the exact name / approach a little on this based on
further discussion.

Blanket implementation of `Widget` for `&W` where `W` implements
`WidgetRef` and `StatefulWidget` for `&W` where `W` implements
`StatefulWidgetRef` is provided. This allows you to render a widget by
reference and a stateful widget by reference.

A blanket implementation of `WidgetRef` for `Option<W>` where `W`
implements `WidgetRef` is provided. This makes it easier to render
child widgets that are optional without the boilerplate of unwrapping
the option. Previously several widgets implemented this manually. This
commits expands the pattern to apply to all widgets.

```rust
struct Parent {
    child: Option<Child>,
}

impl WidgetRef for Parent {
    fn render_ref(&self, area: Rect, buf: &mut Buffer) {
        self.child.render_ref(area, buf);
    }
}
```

```rust
let widgets: Vec<Box<dyn WidgetRef>> = vec![Box::new(Greeting), Box::new(Farewell)];
for widget in widgets {
    widget.render_ref(buf.area, &mut buf);
}
assert_eq!(buf, Buffer::with_lines(["Hello        Goodbye"]));
```

87bf1dd (uncategorized) Replace Rect::split with Layout::areas and spacers (#904)

In a recent commit we added Rec::split, but this feels more ergonomic as
Layout::areas. This also adds Layout::spacers to get the spacers between
the areas.

dab08b9 (uncategorized) Show space constrained UIs conditionally (#895)

With this PR the constraint explorer demo only shows space constrained
UIs instead:

Smallest (15 row height):

<img width="759" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/assets/1813121/37a4a027-6c6d-4feb-8104-d732aee298ac">

Small (20 row height):

<img width="759" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/assets/1813121/f76e025f-0061-4f09-9c91-2f7b00fcfb9e">

Medium (30 row height):

<img width="758" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/assets/1813121/81b070da-1bfb-40c5-9fbc-c1ab44ce422e">

Full (40 row height):

<img width="760" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/assets/1813121/7bb8a8c4-1a77-4bbc-a346-c8b5c198c6d3">

2a12f7b (uncategorized) Impl Widget for &BarChart (#897)

BarChart had some internal mutations that needed to be removed to
implement the Widget trait for &BarChart to bring it in line with the
other widgets.

9ec43ef (uncategorized) Constraint Explorer example (#893)
```
Here's a constraint explorer demo put together with @joshka
```
constraint-explorer-demo.mov

It allows users to interactive explore how the constraints behave with respect to each other and compare that across flex modes. It allows users to swap constraints out for other constraints, increment or decrement the values, add and remove constraints, and add spacing

It is also a good example for how to structure a simple TUI with several Ratatui code patterns that are useful for refactoring.

Fixes:#792

4ee4e6d (uncategorized) Make spacing work in Flex::SpaceAround and Flex::SpaceBetween (#892)
```
This PR implements user provided spacing gaps for `SpaceAround` and
`SpaceBetween`.
```
gap-spacearound-spacebetween.mov

Now user provided spacing gaps always take priority in all Flex modes.

dd5ca3a (uncategorized) Better weights for constraints (#889)

This PR is a split of reworking the weights from #888

This keeps the same ranking of weights, just uses a different numerical
value so that the lowest weight is `WEAK` (`1.0`).

No tests are changed as a result of this change, and running the
following multiple times did not cause any errors for me:

```rust
for i in {0..100}
do
 cargo test --lib --
 if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
 echo "Test failed. Exiting loop."
 break
 fi
done
```

aeec163 (uncategorized) Change rounding to make tests stable (#888)
```
This fixes some unstable tests
```

be4fdaa (uncategorized) Change priority of constraints and add split_with_spacers ✨ (#788)

Follow up to https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/pull/783

This PR introduces different priorities for each kind of constraint.
This PR also adds tests that specifies this behavior. This PR resolves a
number of broken tests.

Fixes https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/issues/827

With this PR, the layout algorithm will do the following in order:

1. Ensure that all the segments are within the user provided area and
ensure that all segments and spacers are aligned next to each other
2. if a user provides a `layout.spacing`, it will enforce it.
3. ensure proportional elements are all proportional to each other
4. if a user provides a `Fixed(v)` constraint, it will enforce it.
5. `Min` / `Max` binding inequality constraints
6. `Length`
7. `Percentage`
8. `Ratio`
9. collapse `Min` or collapse `Max`
10. grow `Proportional` as much as possible
11. grow spacers as much as possible

This PR also returns the spacer areas as `Rects` to the user. Users can
then draw into the spacers as they see fit (thanks @joshka for the
idea). Here's a screenshot with the modified flex example:

<img width="569" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/assets/1813121/46c8901d-882c-43b0-ba87-b1d455099d8f">

This PR introduces a `strengths` module that has "default" weights that
give stable solutions as well as predictable behavior.

d713201 (uncategorized) Add Color::from_hsl ✨ (#772)

This PR adds `Color::from_hsl` that returns a valid `Color::Rgb`.

```rust
let color: Color = Color::from_hsl(360.0, 100.0, 100.0);
assert_eq!(color, Color::Rgb(255, 255, 255));

let color: Color = Color::from_hsl(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
assert_eq!(color, Color::Rgb(0, 0, 0));
```

HSL stands for Hue (0-360 deg), Saturation (0-100%), and Lightness
(0-100%) and working with HSL the values can be more intuitive. For
example, if you want to make a red color more orange, you can change the
Hue closer toward yellow on the color wheel (i.e. increase the Hue).

Related #763

405a125 (uncategorized) Add wide and tall proportional border set (#848)
```
Adds `PROPORTIONAL_WIDE` and `PROPORTIONAL_TALL` border sets.
```
symbols::border::PROPORTIONAL_WIDE

▄▄▄▄
█xx█
█xx█
▀▀▀▀

symbols::border::PROPORTIONAL_TALL

█▀▀█
█xx█
█xx█
█▄▄█

Fixes:#834

9df6ceb (uncategorized) Table column calculation uses layout spacing ✨ (#824)

This uses the new `spacing` feature of the `Layout` struct to allocate
columns spacing in the `Table` widget.
This changes the behavior of the table column layout in the following
ways:

1. Selection width is always allocated.
- if a user does not want a selection width ever they should use
`HighlightSpacing::Never`
2. Column spacing is prioritized over other constraints
- if a user does not want column spacing, they should use
`Table::new(...).column_spacing(0)`

---------

f299463 (uncategorized) Add one eighth wide and tall border sets ✨ (#831)

This PR adds the
[`McGugan`](https://www.willmcgugan.com/blog/tech/post/ceo-just-wants-to-draw-boxes/)
border set, which allows for tighter borders.

For example, with the `flex` example you can get this effect (top is
mcgugan wide, bottom is mcgugan tall):

<img width="759" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/assets/1813121/756bb50e-f8c3-4eec-abe8-ce358058a526">

<img width="759" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/assets/1813121/583485ef-9eb2-4b45-ab88-90bd7cb14c54">

As of this PR, `MCGUGAN_WIDE` has to be styled manually, like so:

```rust
            let main_color = color_for_constraint(*constraint);
            let cell = buf.get_mut(block.x, block.y + 1);
            cell.set_style(Style::reset().fg(main_color).reversed());
            let cell = buf.get_mut(block.x, block.y + 2);
            cell.set_style(Style::reset().fg(main_color).reversed());
            let cell = buf.get_mut(block.x + block.width.saturating_sub(1), block.y + 1);
            cell.set_style(Style::reset().fg(main_color).reversed());
            let cell = buf.get_mut(block.x + block.width.saturating_sub(1), block.y + 2);
            cell.set_style(Style::reset().fg(main_color).reversed());

```

`MCGUGAN_TALL` has to be styled manually, like so:

```rust
            let main_color = color_for_constraint(*constraint);
            for x in block.x + 1..(block.x + block.width).saturating_sub(1) {
                let cell = buf.get_mut(x, block.y);
                cell.set_style(Style::reset().fg(main_color).reversed());
                let cell = buf.get_mut(x, block.y + block.height - 1);
                cell.set_style(Style::reset().fg(main_color).reversed());
            }

```

ae6a2b0 (uncategorized) Add spacing feature to flex example ✨ (#830)
```
This adds the `spacing` using `+` and `-` to the flex example
```
cddf4b2 (uncategorized) Implement Display for Text, Line, Span (#826)

Issue:#816

This PR adds:

std::fmt::Display for Text, Line, and Span structs.

Display implementation displays actual content while ignoring style.

5131c81 (uncategorized) Add layout spacing ✨ (#821)

This adds a `spacing` feature for layouts.

Spacing can be added between items of a layout.

de97a1f (uncategorized) Add flex to layout ✨

This PR adds a new way to space elements in a `Layout`.

Loosely based on
[flexbox](https://css-tricks.com/snippets/css/a-guide-to-flexbox/), this
PR adds a `Flex` enum with the following variants:

- Start
- Center
- End
- SpaceAround
- SpaceBetween

<img width="380" alt="image" src="https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/assets/1813121/b744518c-eae7-4e35-bbc4-fe3c95193cde">

It also adds two more variants, to make this backward compatible and to
make it replace `SegmentSize`:

- StretchLast (default in the `Flex` enum, also behavior matches old
  default `SegmentSize::LastTakesRemainder`)
- Stretch (behavior matches `SegmentSize::EvenDistribution`)

The `Start` variant from above matches `SegmentSize::None`.

This allows `Flex` to be a complete replacement for `SegmentSize`, hence
this PR also deprecates the `segment_size` constructor on `Layout`.
`SegmentSize` is still used in `Table` but under the hood `segment_size`
maps to `Flex` with all tests passing unchanged.

I also put together a simple example for `Flex` layouts so that I could
test it visually, shared below:

flex.mov

9a3815b (uncategorized) Add Constraint::Fixed and Constraint::Proportional ✨ (#783)
425a651 (uncategorized) Add comprehensive tests for Length interacting with other constraints ✨ (#802)
c50ff08 (uncategorized) Add frame count ✨ (#766)

8f56fab (uncategorized) Accept Color and Modifier for all Styles (#720) [breaking]

* feat: accept Color and Modifier for all Styles

All style related methods now accept `S: Into<Style>` instead of
`Style`.
`Color` and `Modifier` implement `Into<Style>` so this is allows for
more ergonomic usage. E.g.:

```rust
Line::styled("hello", Style::new().red());
Line::styled("world", Style::new().bold());

// can now be simplified to

Line::styled("hello", Color::Red);

Line::styled("world", Modifier::BOLD);


Fixes https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/issues/694

  BREAKING CHANGE:All style related methods now accept `S: Into<Style>`
instead of `Style`. This means that if you are already passing an
ambiguous type that implements `Into<Style>` you will need to remove
the `.into()` call.

`Block` style methods can no longer be called from a const context as
trait functions cannot (yet) be const.

* feat: add tuple conversions to Style

Adds conversions for various Color and Modifier combinations

* chore: add unit tests

### Bug Fixes

- [ee54493](https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/commit/ee544931633ada25d84daa95e4e3a0b17801cb8b)
  *(buffer)* Don't panic in set_style ([#714](https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/issues/714))

  ````text
  This fixes a panic in set_style when the area to be styled is
  outside the buffer's bounds.

c959bd2 (calendar) CalendarEventStore panic (#822)

CalendarEventStore::today() panics if the system's UTC offset cannot be determined. In this circumstance, it's better to use now_utc instead.
0614190 (cd) Fix grepping the last release (#762)

a67815e (chart) Exclude unnamed datasets from legend (#753)

A dataset with no name won't display an empty line anymore in the legend.
If no dataset have name, then no legend is ever displayed.

3e7810a (example) Increase layout cache size (#815)

This was causing very bad performances especially on scrolling.
It's also a good usage demonstration.

50b81c9 (examples/scrollbar) Title wasn't displayed because of background reset (#795)

b3a57f3 (list) Modify List and List example to support saving offsets. (#667)

The current `List` example will unselect and reset the position of a
list.

This PR will save the last selected item, and updates `List` to honor
its offset, preventing the list from resetting when the user
`unselect()`s a `StatefulList`.

6645d2e (table) Ensure that default and new() match (#751) [breaking]

In https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/pull/660 we introduced the
segment_size field to the Table struct. However, we forgot to update
the default() implementation to match the new() implementation. This
meant that the default() implementation picked up SegmentSize::default()
instead of SegmentSize::None.

Additionally the introduction of Table::default() in an earlier PR,
https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/pull/339, was also missing the
default for the column_spacing field (1).

This commit fixes the default() implementation to match the new()
implementation of these two fields by implementing the Default trait
manually.

BREAKING CHANGE:The default() implementation of Table now sets the column_spacing field to 1 and the segment_size field to

SegmentSize::None. This will affect the rendering of a small amount of apps.

b0ed658 (table) Render missing widths as equal (#710)

Previously, if `.widths` was not called before rendering a `Table`, no
content would render in the area of the table. This commit changes that
behaviour to default to equal widths for each column.

Fixes #510.

f71bf18 (uncategorized) Bug with flex stretch with spacing and proportional constraints (#829)
```
This PR fixes a bug with layouts when using spacing on proportional
constraints.
```

cc6737b (uncategorized) Make SpaceBetween with one element Stretch 🐛 (#813)

When there's just one element, `SpaceBetween` should do the same thing
as `Stretch`.

7a8af8d (uncategorized) Update templates links (#808)

f2eab71 (uncategorized) Broken tests in table.rs (#784)

* fix: broken tests in table.rs

* fix: Use default instead of raw

8dd177a (uncategorized) Fix PR write permission to upload unsigned commit comment (#770)

Refactor

cf86123 (scrollbar) Rewrite scrollbar implementation (#847)

Implementation was simplified and calculates the size of the thumb a
bit more proportionally to the content that is visible.

fd4703c (block) Move padding and title into separate files (#837)
bc274e2 (block) Remove deprecated title_on_bottom (#757) [breaking]

Block::title_on_bottom was deprecated in v0.22. Use Block::title and Title::position instead.
a62632a (buffer) Split buffer module into files (#721)
e0aa6c5 (chart) Replace deprecated apply (#812)

Fixes #793

7f42ec9 (colors_rgb) Impl widget on mutable refs (#865)

This commit refactors the colors_rgb example to implement the Widget
trait on mutable references to the app and its sub-widgets. This allows
the app to update its state while it is being rendered.

Additionally the main and run functions are refactored to be similar to
the other recent examples. This uses a pattern where the App struct has
a `run` method that takes a terminal as an argument, and the main
function is in control of initializing and restoring the terminal and
installing the error hooks.

813f707 (example) Improve constraints and flex examples (#817)

This PR is a follow up to
https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/pull/811.

It improves the UI of the layouts by

- thoughtful accessible color that represent priority in constraints
resolving
- using QUADRANT_OUTSIDE symbol set for block rendering
- adding a scrollbar
- panic handling
- refactoring for readability

to name a few. Here are some example gifs of the outcome:


![constraints](https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/assets/381361/8eed34cf-e959-472f-961b-d439bfe3324e)


![flex](https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/assets/381361/3195a56c-9cb6-4525-bc1c-b969c0d6a812)

---------

bb5444f (example) Add scroll to flex example (#811)

This commit adds `scroll` to the flex example. It also adds more examples to showcase how constraints interact. It improves the UI to make it easier to understand and short terminal friendly.

<img width="380" alt="image" src="https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/assets/1813121/30541efc-ecbe-4e28-b4ef-4d5f1dc63fec"/>

---------

6d15b25 (layout) Move the remaining types (#743)

- alignment -> layout/alignment.rs
- corner -> layout/corner.rs
- direction -> layout/direction.rs
- size -> layout/size.rs

659460e (layout) Move SegmentSize to layout/segment_size.rs (#742)
ba036cd (layout) Move Layout to layout/layout.rs (#741)
8724aeb (layout) Move Margin to margin.rs (#740)
9574198 (line) Reorder methods for natural reading order (#713)

6364533 (table) Split table into multiple files (#718)

At close to 2000 lines of code, the table widget was getting a bit
unwieldy. This commit splits it into multiple files, one for each
struct, and one for the table itself.

Also refactors the table rendering code to be easier to maintain.

5aba988 (terminal) Extract types to files (#760)

Fields on Frame that were private are now pub(crate).

4d262d2 (widget) Move borders to widgets/borders.rs (#832)
5254795 (uncategorized) Make layout tests a bit easier to understand (#890)

bd6b91c (uncategorized) Make patch_style & reset_style chainable (#754) [breaking]

Previously, `patch_style` and `reset_style` in `Text`, `Line` and `Span`
 were using a mutable reference to `Self`. To be more consistent with
 the rest of `ratatui`, which is using fluent setters, these now take
 ownership of `Self` and return it.

da6c299 (uncategorized) Extract layout::Constraint to file (#739)

Documentation

6ecaeed (text) Add overview of the relevant methods (#857)

Add an overview of the relevant methods under `Constructor Methods`, `Setter Methods`, and `Other Methods` subtitles.

50374b2 (backend) Fix broken book link (#733)
e1cc849 (breaking) Fix typo (#702)
49df5d4 (example) Fix markdown syntax for note (#730)

4b8e54e (examples) Refactor Tabs example (#861)

- Used a few new techniques from the 0.26 features (ref widgets, text rendering,
  dividers / padding etc.)
- Updated the app to a simpler application approach
- Use color_eyre
- Make it look pretty (colors, new proportional borders)

![Made with VHS](https://vhs.charm.sh/vhs-4WW21XTtepDhUSq4ZShO56.gif)

---------
Fixes https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/issues/819
Co-authored-by: Josh McKinney <joshka@users.noreply.github.com>

5b7ad2a (examples) Update gauge example (#863)

- colored gauges
- removed box borders
- show the difference between ratio / percentage and unicode / no unicode better
- better application approach (consistent with newer examples)
- various changes for 0.26 featuers
- impl `Widget` for `&App`
- use color_eyre

for gauge.tape

- change to get better output from the new code

---------
Fixes: https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/issues/846
Co-authored-by: Josh McKinney <joshka@users.noreply.github.com>

f383625 (examples) Add note about example versions to all examples (#871)

847bacf (examples) Refactor demo2 (#836)

Simplified a bunch of the logic in the demo2 example
- Moved destroy mode to its own file.
- Moved error handling to its own file.
- Removed AppContext
- Implemented Widget for &App. The app state is small enough that it
  doesn't matter here and we could just copy or clone the app state on
  every frame, but for larger apps this can be a significant performance
  improvement.
- Made the tabs stateful
- Made the term module just a collection of functions rather than a
  struct.
- Changed to use color_eyre for error handling.
- Changed keyboard shortcuts and rearranged the bottom bar.
- Use strum for the tabs enum.

804c841 (examples) Update list example and list.tape (#864)

This PR adds:

- subjectively better-looking list example
- change list example to a todo list example
- status of a TODO can be changed, further info can be seen under the list.

eb1484b (examples) Update tabs example and tabs.tape (#855)

This PR adds:

for tabs.rs

- general refactoring on code
- subjectively better looking front
- add tailwind colors

for tabs.tape

- change to get better output from the new code

Here is the new output:

![tabs](https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/assets/30180366/0a9371a5-e90d-42ba-aba5-70cbf66afd1f)

330a899 (examples) Update table example and table.tape (#840)

In table.rs
- added scrollbar to the table
- colors changed to use style::palette::tailwind
- now colors can be changed with keys (l or →) for the next color, (h or
←) for the previous color
- added a footer for key info

For table.tape
- typing speed changed to 0.75s from 0.5s
- screen size changed to fit
- pushed keys changed to show the current example better

Fixes:#800

41de884 (examples) Document incompatible examples better (#844)

Examples often take advantage of unreleased API changes, which makes
them not copy-paste friendly.

3464894 (examples) Add warning about examples matching the main branch (#778)

fb93db0 (examples) Simplify docs using new layout methods (#731)

Use the new `Layout::horizontal` and `vertical` constructors and
`Rect::split_array` through all the examples.

d6b8513 (examples) Refactor chart example to showcase scatter (#703)

fe84141 (layout) Document the difference in the split methods (#750)

* docs(layout): document the difference in the split methods

* fix: doc suggestion

48b0380 (scrollbar) Complete scrollbar documentation (#823)
e67d3c6 (table) Fix typo (#707)
065b6b0 (terminal) Document buffer diffing better (#852)
86168aa (uncategorized) Fix docstring for Max constraints (#898)
11e4f6a (uncategorized) Adds better documentation for constraints and flex 📚 (#818)
1746a61 (uncategorized) Update links to templates repository 📚 (#810)
```
This PR updates links to the `templates` repository.
```
43b2b57 (uncategorized) Fix typo in Table widget description (#797)

2b4aa46 (uncategorized) GitHub admonition syntax for examples README.md (#791)

* docs: GitHub admonition syntax for examples README.md

* docs: Add link to stable release

388aa46 (uncategorized) Update crate, lib and readme links (#771)

Link to the contributing, changelog, and breaking changes docs at the
top of the page instead of just in in the main part of the doc. This
makes it easier to find them.

Rearrange the links to be in a more logical order.

Use link refs for all the links

Fix up the CI link to point to the right workflow

Performance

1d3fbc1 (buffer) Apply SSO technique to text buffer in buffer::Cell (#601) [breaking]

Use CompactString instead of String to store the Cell::symbol field.
This saves reduces the size of memory allocations at runtime.

Testing

663bbde (layout) Convert layout tests to use rstest (#879)
```
This PR makes all the letters test use `rstest`
```
f780be3 (layout) Parameterized tests 🚨 (#858)

Miscellaneous Tasks

ba20372 (contributing) Remove part about squashing commits (#874)

Removes the part about squashing commits from the CONTRIBUTING file.

We no longer require that because github squashes commits when merging.
This will cleanup the CONTRIBUTING file a bit which is already quite
dense.

d49bbb2 (ci) Update the job description for installing cargo-nextest (#839)

8d77b73 (ci) Use cargo-nextest for running tests (#717)

* chore(ci): use cargo-nextest for running tests

* refactor(make): run library tests before doc tests

b7a4793 (ci) Bump alpha release for breaking changes (#495)

Automatically detect breaking changes based on commit messages
and bump the alpha release number accordingly.

E.g. v0.23.1-alpha.1 will be bumped to v0.24.0-alpha.0 if any commit
since v0.23.0 has a breaking change.

fab943b (contributing) Add deprecation notice guideline (#761)

fc0879f (layout) Comment tests that may fail on occasion (#814)

These fails seem to fail on occasion, locally and on CI.

This issue will be revisited in the PR on constraint weights:
https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/pull/788

f8367fd (uncategorized) Allow Buffer::with_lines to accept IntoIterator (#901)

This can make it easier to use `Buffer::with_lines` with iterators that
don't necessarily produce a `Vec`. For example, this allows using
`Buffer::with_lines` with `&[&str]` directly, without having to call
`collect` on it first.

78f1c14 (uncategorized) Small fixes to constraint-explorer (#894)
984afd5 (uncategorized) Cache dependencies in the CI workflow to speed up builds (#883)
6e76729 (uncategorized) Move example vhs tapes to a folder (#867)
151db6a (uncategorized) Add commit footers to git-cliff config (#805)

Fixes:orhun/git-cliff#297
c24216c (uncategorized) Add comment on PRs with unsigned commits (#768)

Contributors

Thank you so much to everyone that contributed to this release!

Here is the list of contributors who have contributed to ratatui for the first time!

@yanganto
@akiomik
@Lunderberg
@BogdanPaul15
@stchris
@MultisampledNight
@lxl66566
@bblsh
@Eeelco

0.25.0 - 2023-12-18

We are thrilled to announce the new version of ratatui - a Rust library that's all about cooking up TUIs 🐭

In this version, we made improvements on widgets such as List, Table and Layout and changed some of the defaults for a better user experience. Also, we renewed our website and updated our documentation/tutorials to get started with ratatui: https://ratatui.rs 🚀

✨ Release highlights: https://ratatui.rs/highlights/v025/

⚠️ List of breaking changes can be found here.

💖 We also enabled GitHub Sponsors for our organization, consider sponsoring us if you like ratatui: https://github.com/sponsors/ratatui-org

Features

aef4956 (list) List::new now accepts IntoIterator<Item = Into<ListItem>> (#672) [breaking]
```
This allows to build list like

```
List::new(["Item 1", "Item 2"])
```
```
8bfd666 (paragraph) Add line_count and line_width unstable helper methods
```
This is an unstable feature that may be removed in the future
```

1229b96 (rect) Add offset method (#533)

The offset method creates a new Rect that is moved by the amount
specified in the x and y direction. These values can be positive or
negative. This is useful for manual layout tasks.

```rust
let rect = area.offset(Offset { x: 10, y -10 });
```

edacaf7 (buffer) Deprecate Cell::symbol field (#624)

The Cell::symbol field is now accessible via a getter method (`symbol()`). This will
allow us to make future changes to the Cell internals such as replacing `String` with
`compact_str`.

6b2efd0 (layout) Accept IntoIterator for constraints (#663)

Layout and Table now accept IntoIterator for constraints with an Item
that is AsRef<Constraint>. This allows pretty much any collection of
constraints to be passed to the layout functions including arrays,
vectors, slices, and iterators (without having to call collect() on
them).

753e246 (layout) Allow configuring layout fill (#633)

The layout split will generally fill the remaining area when `split()`
is called. This change allows the caller to configure how any extra
space is allocated to the `Rect`s. This is useful for cases where the
caller wants to have a fixed size for one of the `Rect`s, and have the
other `Rect`s fill the remaining space.

For now, the method and enum are marked as unstable because the exact
name is still being bikeshedded. To enable this functionality, add the
`unstable-segment-size` feature flag in your `Cargo.toml`.

To configure the layout to fill the remaining space evenly, use
`Layout::segment_size(SegmentSize::EvenDistribution)`. The default
behavior is `SegmentSize::LastTakesRemainder`, which gives the last
segment the remaining space. `SegmentSize::None` will disable this
behavior. See the docs for `Layout::segment_size()` and
`layout::SegmentSize` for more information.

Fixes https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/issues/536

1e2f0be (layout) Add parameters to Layout::new() (#557) [breaking]

Adds a convenience function to create a layout with a direction and a
list of constraints which are the most common parameters that would be
generally configured using the builder pattern. The constraints can be
passed in as any iterator of constraints.

```rust
let layout = Layout::new(Direction::Horizontal, [
    Constraint::Percentage(50),
    Constraint::Percentage(50),
]);
```

c862aa5 (list) Support line alignment (#599)

The `List` widget now respects the alignment of `Line`s and renders them as expected.

4424637 (span) Add setters for content and style (#647)
ebf1f42 (style) Implement From trait for crossterm to Style related structs (#686)

e49385b (table) Add a Table::segment_size method (#660)

It controls how to distribute extra space to an underconstrained table.
The default, legacy behavior is to leave the extra space unused.  The
new options are LastTakesRemainder which gets all space to the rightmost
column that can used it, and EvenDistribution which divides it amongst
all columns.

b8f71c0 (widgets/chart) Add option to set the position of legend (#378)

5bf4f52 (uncategorized) Implement From trait for termion to Style related structs (#692)

* feat(termion): implement from termion color

* feat(termion): implement from termion style

* feat(termion): implement from termion `Bg` and `Fg`

d19b266 (uncategorized) Add Constraint helpers (e.g. from_lengths) (#641)

Adds helper methods that convert from iterators of u16 values to the
specific Constraint type. This makes it easy to create constraints like:

```rust
// a fixed layout
let constraints = Constraint::from_lengths([10, 20, 10]);

// a centered layout
let constraints = Constraint::from_ratios([(1, 4), (1, 2), (1, 4)]);
let constraints = Constraint::from_percentages([25, 50, 25]);

// a centered layout with a minimum size
let constraints = Constraint::from_mins([0, 100, 0]);

// a sidebar / main layout with maximum sizes
let constraints = Constraint::from_maxes([30, 200]);
```

Bug Fixes

f69d57c (rect) Fix underflow in the Rect::intersection method (#678)

56fc410 (block) Make inner aware of title positions (#657)

Previously, when computing the inner rendering area of a block, all
titles were assumed to be positioned at the top, which caused the
height of the inner area to be miscalculated.

ec7b387 (doc) Do not access deprecated Cell::symbol field in doc example (#626)

37c70db (table) Add widths parameter to new() (#664) [breaking]

This prevents creating a table that doesn't actually render anything.

1f88da7 (table) Fix new clippy lint which triggers on table widths tests (#630)
```
* fix(table): new clippy lint in 1.74.0 triggers on table widths tests
```

36d8c53 (table) Widths() now accepts AsRef<[Constraint]> (#628)

This allows passing an array, slice or Vec of constraints, which is more
ergonomic than requiring this to always be a slice.

The following calls now all succeed:

```rust
Table::new(rows).widths([Constraint::Length(5), Constraint::Length(5)]);
Table::new(rows).widths(&[Constraint::Length(5), Constraint::Length(5)]);

// widths could also be computed at runtime
let widths = vec![Constraint::Length(5), Constraint::Length(5)];
Table::new(rows).widths(widths.clone());
Table::new(rows).widths(&widths);
```

34d099c (tabs) Fixup tests broken by semantic merge conflict (#665)

Two changes without any line overlap caused the tabs tests to break

e4579f0 (tabs) Set the default highlight_style (#635) [breaking]

Previously the default highlight_style was set to `Style::default()`,
which meant that the highlight style was the same as the normal style.
This change sets the default highlight_style to reversed text.

28ac55b (tabs) Tab widget now supports custom padding (#629)

The Tab widget now contains padding_left and and padding_right
properties. Those values can be set with functions `padding_left()`,
`padding_right()`, and `padding()` which all accept `Into<Line>`.

Fixes issue https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/issues/502

df0eb1f (terminal) Insert_before() now accepts lines > terminal height and doesn't add an extra blank line (#596)

Fixes issue with inserting content with height>viewport_area.height and adds
the ability to insert content of height>terminal_height

- Adds TestBackend::append_lines() and TestBackend::clear_region() methods to
  support testing the changes

aaeba27 (uncategorized) Truncate table when overflow (#685)

This prevents a panic when rendering an empty right aligned and rightmost table cell

ffa78aa (uncategorized) Add #[must_use] to Style-moving methods (#600)
a2f2bd5 (uncategorized) MSRV is now 1.70.0 (#593)

Refactor

f767ea7 (list) start_corner is now direction (#673)

The previous name `start_corner` did not communicate clearly the intent of the method.
A new method `direction` and a new enum `ListDirection` were added.

`start_corner` is now deprecated

b82451f (examples) Add vim binding (#688)

0576a8a (layout) To natural reading order (#681)

Structs and enums at the top of the file helps show the interaction
between the types without having to find each type in between longer
impl sections.

Also moved the try_split function into the Layout impl as an associated
function and inlined the `layout::split()` which just called try_split.
This makes the code a bit more contained.

4be18ab (readme) Reference awesome-ratatui instead of wiki (#689)

* refactor(readme): link awesome-ratatui instead of wiki

The apps wiki moved to awesome-ratatui

* docs(readme): Update README.md

7ef0afc (widgets) Remove unnecessary dynamic dispatch and heap allocation (#597)

b282a06 (uncategorized) Remove items deprecated since 0.10 (#691) [breaking]

Remove `Axis::title_style` and `Buffer::set_background` which are deprecated since 0.10

7ced7c0 (uncategorized) Define struct WrappedLine instead of anonymous tuple (#608)
```
It makes the type easier to document, and more obvious for users
```

Documentation

fe632d7 (sparkline) Add documentation (#648)
f4c8de0 (chart) Document chart module (#696)
1b8b626 (examples) Add animation and FPS counter to colors_rgb (#583)

2169a0d (examples) Add example of half block rendering (#687)

This is a fun example of how to render big text using half blocks

41c44a4 (frame) Add docs about resize events (#697)
91c67eb (github) Update code owners (#666)
```
onboard @Valentin271 as maintainer
```
458fa90 (lib) Tweak the crate documentation (#659)

3ec4e24 (list) Add documentation to the List widget (#669)

Adds documentation to the List widget and all its sub components like `ListState` and `ListItem`

9f37100 (readme) Update README.md and fix the bug that demo2 cannot run (#595)
```
Fixes https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/issues/594
```

2a87251 (security) Add security policy (#676)

* docs: Create SECURITY.md

* Update SECURITY.md

987f7ee (website) Rename book to website (#661)
a15c3b2 (uncategorized) Remove deprecated table constructor from breaking changes (#698)
113b4b7 (uncategorized) Rename template links to remove ratatui from name 📚 (#690)

211160c (uncategorized) Remove simple-tui-rs (#651)

This has not been recently and doesn't lead to good code

Styling

6a6e9dd (tabs) Fix doc formatting (#662)

Miscellaneous Tasks

910ad00 (rustfmt) Enable format_code_in_doc_comments (#695)

This enables more consistently formatted code in doc comments,
especially since ratatui heavily uses fluent setters.

See https://rust-lang.github.io/rustfmt/?version=v1.6.0#format_code_in_doc_comments

d118565 (table) Cleanup docs and builder methods (#638)

- Refactor the `table` module for better top to bottom readability by
putting types first and arranging them in a logical order (Table, Row,
Cell, other).

- Adds new methods for:
  - `Table::rows`
  - `Row::cells`
  - `Cell::new`
  - `Cell::content`
  - `TableState::new`
  - `TableState::selected_mut`

- Makes `HighlightSpacing::should_add` pub(crate) since it's an internal
  detail.

- Adds tests for all the new methods and simple property tests for all
  the other setter methods.

dd22e72 (uncategorized) Correct "builder methods" in docs and add must_use on widgets setters (#655)

18e19f6 (uncategorized) Fix breaking changes doc versions (#639)

Moves the layout::new change to unreleasedd section and adds the table change

a58cce2 (uncategorized) Disable default benchmarking (#598)

Disables the default benchmarking behaviour for the lib target to fix unrecognized
criterion benchmark arguments.

See https://bheisler.github.io/criterion.rs/book/faq.html#cargo-bench-gives-unrecognized-option-errors-for-valid-command-line-options for details

Continuous Integration

59b9c32 (codecov) Adjust threshold and noise settings (#615)
```
Fixes https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/issues/612
```
03401cd (uncategorized) Fix untrusted input in pr check workflow (#680)

Contributors

Thank you so much to everyone that contributed to this release!

Here is the list of contributors who have contributed to ratatui for the first time!

@rikonaka
@danny-burrows
@SOF3
@jan-ferdinand
@rhaskia
@asomers
@progval
@TylerBloom
@YeungKC
@lyuha

0.24.0 - 2023-10-23

We are excited to announce the new version of ratatui - a Rust library that's all about cooking up TUIs 🐭

In this version, we've introduced features like window size API, enhanced chart rendering, and more. The list of *breaking changes* can be found here ⚠️. Also, we created various tutorials and walkthroughs in Ratatui Book which is available at https://ratatui.rs 🚀

✨ Release highlights: https://ratatui.rs/highlights/v024

Features

c6c3f88 (backend) Implement common traits for WindowSize (#586)

d077903 (backend) Backend provides window_size, add Size struct (#276)

For image (sixel, iTerm2, Kitty...) support that handles graphics in
terms of `Rect` so that the image area can be included in layouts.

For example: an image is loaded with a known pixel-size, and drawn, but
the image protocol has no mechanism of knowing the actual cell/character
area that been drawn on. It is then impossible to skip overdrawing the
area.

Returning the window size in pixel-width / pixel-height, together with
columns / rows, it can be possible to account the pixel size of each cell
/ character, and then known the `Rect` of a given image, and also resize
the image so that it fits exactly in a `Rect`.

Crossterm and termwiz also both return both sizes from one syscall,
while termion does two.

Add a `Size` struct for the cases where a `Rect`'s `x`/`y` is unused
(always zero).

`Size` is not "clipped" for `area < u16::max_value()` like `Rect`. This
is why there are `From` implementations between the two.

301366c (barchart) Render charts smaller than 3 lines (#532)

The bar values are not shown if the value width is equal the bar width
and the bar is height is less than one line

Add an internal structure `LabelInfo` which stores the reserved height
for the labels (0, 1 or 2) and also whether the labels will be shown.

Fixes ratatui-org#513

32e4619 (block) Allow custom symbols for borders (#529) [breaking]

Adds a new `Block::border_set` method that allows the user to specify
the symbols used for the border.

Added two new border types: `BorderType::QuadrantOutside` and
`BorderType::QuadrantInside`. These are used to draw borders using the
unicode quadrant characters (which look like half block "pixels").

```
▛▀▀▜
▌  ▐
▙▄▄▟

▗▄▄▖
▐  ▌
▝▀▀▘
```
Fixes: https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/issues/528

BREAKING CHANGES:
- BorderType::to_line_set is renamed to to_border_set
- BorderType::line_symbols is renamed to border_symbols

4541336 (canvas) Implement half block marker (#550)

* feat(canvas): implement half block marker

A useful technique for the terminal is to use half blocks to draw a grid
of "pixels" on the screen. Because we can set two colors per cell, and
because terminal cells are about twice as tall as they are wide, we can
draw a grid of half blocks that looks like a grid of square pixels.

This commit adds a new `HalfBlock` marker that can be used in the Canvas
widget and the associated HalfBlockGrid.

Also updated demo2 to use the new marker as it looks much nicer.

Adds docs for many of the methods and structs on canvas.

Changes the grid resolution method to return the pixel count
rather than the index of the last pixel.
This is an internal detail with no user impact.

be55a5f (examples) Add demo2 example (#500)

082cbcb (frame) Remove generic Backend parameter (#530) [breaking]

This change simplifies UI code that uses the Frame type. E.g.:

```rust
fn draw<B: Backend>(frame: &mut Frame<B>) {
    // ...
}
```

Frame was generic over Backend because it stored a reference to the
terminal in the field. Instead it now directly stores the viewport area
and current buffer. These are provided at creation time and are valid
for the duration of the frame.

BREAKING CHANGE: Frame is no longer generic over Backend. Code that
accepted a Frame<Backend> will now need to accept a Frame.

d67fa2c (line) Add Line::raw constructor (#511)

* feat(line): add `Line::raw` constructor

There is already `Span::raw` and `Text::raw` methods
and this commit simply adds `Line::raw` method for symmetry.

Multi-line content is converted to multiple spans with the new line removed

cbf86da (rect) Add is_empty() to simplify some common checks (#534)

- add `Rect::is_empty()` that checks whether either height or width == 0
- refactored `Rect` into layout/rect.rs from layout.rs. No public API change as
   the module is private and the type is re-exported under the `layout` module.

15641c8 (uncategorized) Add buffer_mut method on Frame ✨ (#548)

Bug Fixes

638d596 (layout) Use LruCache for layout cache (#487)

The layout cache now uses a LruCache with default size set to 16 entries.
Previously the cache was backed by a HashMap, and was able to grow
without bounds as a new entry was added for every new combination of
layout parameters.

- Added a new method (`layout::init_cache(usize)`) that allows the cache
size to be changed if necessary. This will only have an effect if it is called
prior to any calls to `layout::split()` as the cache is wrapped in a `OnceLock`

8d507c4 (backend) Add feature flag for underline-color (#570)

Windows 7 doesn't support the underline color attribute, so we need to
make it optional. This commit adds a feature flag for the underline
color attribute - it is enabled by default, but can be disabled by
passing `--no-default-features` to cargo.

We could specically check for Windows 7 and disable the feature flag
automatically, but I think it's better for this check to be done by the
crossterm crate, since it's the one that actually knows about the
underlying terminal.

To disable the feature flag in an application that supports Windows 7,
add the following to your Cargo.toml:

```toml
ratatui = { version = "0.24.0", default-features = false, features = ["crossterm"] }
```

Fixes https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/issues/555

c3155a2 (barchart) Add horizontal labels(#518)

Labels were missed in the initial implementation of the horizontal
mode for the BarChart widget. This adds them.

Fixes https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/issues/499

c5ea656 (barchart) Avoid divide by zero in rendering (#525)

c9b8e7c (barchart) Render value labels with unicode correctly (#515)

An earlier change introduced a bug where the width of value labels with
unicode characters was incorrectly using the string length in bytes
instead of the unicode character count. This reverts the earlier change.

c8ab2d5 (chart) Use graph style for top line (#462)

A bug in the rendering caused the top line of the chart to be rendered
using the style of the chart, instead of the dataset style. This is
fixed by only setting the style for the width of the text, and not the
entire row.

0c7d547 (docs) Don't fail rustdoc due to termion (#503)

Windows cannot compile termion, so it is not included in the docs.
Rustdoc will fail if it cannot find a link, so the docs fail to build
on windows.

This replaces the link to TermionBackend with one that does not fail
during checks.

Fixes https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/issues/498

0c52ff4 (gauge) Fix gauge widget colors (#572)

The background colors of the gauge had a workaround for the issue we had
with VHS / TTYD rendering the background color of the gauge. This
workaround is no longer necessary in the updated versions of VHS / TTYD.

Fixes https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/issues/501

11076d0 (rect) Fix arithmetic overflow edge cases (#543)

Fixes https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/issues/258

21303f2 (rect) Prevent overflow in inner() and area() (#523)

ebd3680 (stylize) Add Stylize impl for String (#466) [breaking]

Although the `Stylize` trait is already implemented for `&str` which
extends to `String`, it is not implemented for `String` itself. This
commit adds an impl of Stylize that returns a Span<'static> for `String`
so that code can call Stylize methods on temporary `String`s.

E.g. the following now compiles instead of failing with a compile error
about referencing a temporary value:

    let s = format!("hello {name}!", "world").red();

BREAKING CHANGE: This may break some code that expects to call Stylize
methods on `String` values and then use the String value later. This
will now fail to compile because the String is consumed by set_style
instead of a slice being created and consumed.

This can be fixed by cloning the `String`. E.g.:

    let s = String::from("hello world");
    let line = Line::from(vec![s.red(), s.green()]); // fails to compile
    let line = Line::from(vec![s.clone().red(), s.green()]); // works

Fixes https://discord.com/channels/1070692720437383208/1072907135664529508/1148229700821450833

Refactor

2fd85af (barchart) Simplify internal implementation (#544)

Replace `remove_invisible_groups_and_bars` with `group_ticks`
`group_ticks` calculates the visible bar length in ticks. (A cell contains 8 ticks).

It is used for 2 purposes:
1. to get the bar length in ticks for rendering
2. since it delivers only the values of the visible bars, If we zip these values
   with the groups and bars, then we will filter out the invisible groups and bars

Documentation

0c68ebe (block) Add documentation to Block (#469)
0fe7385 (gauge) Add docs for Gauge and LineGauge (#514)
27c5637 (readme) Fix links to CONTRIBUTING.md and BREAKING-CHANGES.md (#577)
1947c58 (backend) Improve backend module docs (#489)

e098731 (barchart) Add documentation to BarChart (#449)

Add documentation to the `BarChart` widgets and its sub-modules.

17797d8 (canvas) Add support note for Braille marker (#472)

3cf0b83 (color) Document true color support (#477)

* refactor(style): move Color to separate color mod

* docs(color): document true color support

e5caf17 (custom_widget) Make button sticky when clicking with mouse (#561)

ad2dc56 (examples) Update examples readme (#576)

remove VHS bug info, tweak colors_rgb image, update some of the instructions. add demo2

b61f65b (examples) Update theme to Aardvark Blue (#574)
```
This is a nicer theme that makes the colors pop
```
61af0d9 (examples) Make custom widget example into a button (#539)
```
The widget also now supports mouse
```
6b8725f (examples) Add colors_rgb example (#476)

5c785b2 (examples) Move example gifs to github (#460)

- A new orphan branch named "images" is created to store the example
  images

ca9bcd3 (examples) Add descriptions and update theme (#460)
```
- Use the OceanicMaterial consistently in examples
```
080a05b (paragraph) Add docs for alignment fn (#467)

1e20475 (stylize) Improve docs for style shorthands (#491)

The Stylize trait was introduced in 0.22 to make styling less verbose.
This adds a bunch of documentation comments to the style module and
types to make this easier to discover.

dd9a8df (table) Add documentation for block and header methods of the Table widget (#505)
232be80 (table) Add documentation for Table::new() (#471)
3bda372 (tabs) Add documentation to Tabs (#535)

42f8169 (terminal) Add docs for terminal module (#486)

- moves the impl Terminal block up to be closer to the type definition

28e7fd4 (terminal) Fix doc comment (#452)

51fdcbe (title) Add documentation to title (#443)

This adds documentation for Title and Position

d4976d4 (widgets) Update the list of available widgets (#496)
6c7bef8 (uncategorized) Replace colons with dashes in README.md for consistency (#566)
88ae348 (uncategorized) Update Frame docstring to remove reference to generic backend (#564)
089f8ba (uncategorized) Add double quotes to instructions for features (#560)
346e7b4 (uncategorized) Add summary to breaking changes (#549)
401a7a7 (uncategorized) Improve clarity in documentation for Frame and Terminal 📚 (#545)
e35e413 (uncategorized) Fix terminal comment (#547)
8ae4403 (uncategorized) Fix Terminal docstring (#546)
9cfb133 (uncategorized) Document alpha release process (#542)
```
Fixes https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/issues/412
```

4548a9b (uncategorized) Add BREAKING-CHANGES.md (#538)

Document the breaking changes in each version. This document is
manually curated by summarizing the breaking changes in the changelog.

c0991cc (uncategorized) Make library and README consistent (#526)

* docs: make library and README consistent

Generate the bulk of the README from the library documentation, so that
they are consistent using cargo-rdme.

- Removed the Contributors section, as it is redundant with the github
  contributors list.
- Removed the info about the other backends and replaced it with a
  pointer to the documentation.
- add docsrs example, vhs tape and images that will end up in the README

1414fbc (uncategorized) Import prelude::* in doc examples (#490)

This commit adds `prelude::*` all doc examples and widget::* to those
that need it. This is done to highlight the use of the prelude and
simplify the examples.

- Examples in Type and module level comments show all imports and use
  `prelude::*` and `widget::*` where possible.
- Function level comments hide imports unless there are imports other
  than `prelude::*` and `widget::*`.

74c5244 (uncategorized) Add logo and favicon to docs.rs page (#473)
927a5d8 (uncategorized) Fix documentation lint warnings (#450)
eda2fb7 (uncategorized) Use ratatui 📚 (#446)

Testing

ea70bff (barchart) Add benchmarks (#455)

94af2a2 (buffer) Allow with_lines to accept Vec<Into> (#494)

This allows writing unit tests without having to call set_style on the
expected buffer.

Miscellaneous Tasks

1278131 (changelog) Make the scopes lowercase in the changelog (#479)

82b40be (ci) Improve checking the PR title (#464)

- Use [`action-semantic-pull-request`](https://github.com/amannn/action-semantic-pull-request)
- Allow only reading the PR contents
- Enable merge group

a20bd6a (deps) Update lru requirement from 0.11.1 to 0.12.0 (#581)

Updates the requirements on [lru](https://github.com/jeromefroe/lru-rs) to permit the latest version.
- [Changelog](https://github.com/jeromefroe/lru-rs/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/jeromefroe/lru-rs/compare/0.11.1...0.12.0)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: lru
  dependency-type: direct:production
...

5213f78 (deps) Bump actions/checkout from 3 to 4 (#580)

Bumps [actions/checkout](https://github.com/actions/checkout) from 3 to 4.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/actions/checkout/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/actions/checkout/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/actions/checkout/compare/v3...v4)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: actions/checkout
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-major
...

6cbdb06 (examples) Refactor some examples (#578)

* chore(examples): Simplify timeout calculation with `Duration::saturating_sub`

12f9291 (github) Create dependabot.yml (#575)

* chore: Create dependabot.yml

* Update .github/dependabot.yml

3a57e76 (github) Add contact links for issues (#567)

5498a88 (spans) Remove deprecated Spans type (#426)

The `Spans` type (plural, not singular) was replaced with a more ergonomic `Line` type
in Ratatui v0.21.0 and marked deprecated byt left for backwards compatibility. This is now
removed.

- `Line` replaces `Spans`
- `Buffer::set_line` replaces `Buffer::set_spans`

fbf1a45 (uncategorized) Simplify constraints (#556)

Use bare arrays rather than array refs / Vecs for all constraint
examples.

a7bf4b3 (uncategorized) Use modern modules syntax (#492)
```
Move xxx/mod.rs to xxx.rs
```
af36282 (uncategorized) Only run check pr action on pull_request_target events (#485)
322e46f (uncategorized) Prevent PR merge with do not merge labels ♻️ (#484)
983ea7f (uncategorized) Fix check for if breaking change label should be added ♻️ (#483)
384e616 (uncategorized) Add a check for if breaking change label should be added ♻️ (#481)
5f6aa30 (uncategorized) Check documentation lint (#454)
47ae602 (uncategorized) Check that PR title matches conventional commit guidelines ♻️ (#459)
28c6157 (uncategorized) Add documentation guidelines (#447)

Continuous Integration

343c6cd (lint) Move formatting and doc checks first (#465)

Putting the formatting and doc checks first to ensure that more critical
errors are caught first (e.g. a conventional commit error or typo should
not prevent the formatting and doc checks from running).

c95a75c (makefile) Remove termion dependency from doc lint (#470)
```
Only build termion on non-windows targets
```

b996102 (makefile) Add format target (#468)

- add format target to Makefile.toml that actually fixes the formatting
- rename fmt target to lint-format
- rename style-check target to lint-style
- rename typos target to lint-typos
- rename check-docs target to lint-docs
- add section to CONTRIBUTING.md about formatting

572df75 (uncategorized) Put commit id first in changelog (#463)
878b6fc (uncategorized) Ignore benches from code coverage (#461)

Contributors

Thank you so much to everyone that contributed to this release!

Here is the list of contributors who have contributed to ratatui for the first time!

@aatukaj
@DreadedHippy
@marianomarciello
@HeeillWang
@tz629
@hueblu

v0.23.0 - 2023-08-28

We are thrilled to release the new version of ratatui 🐭, the official successor* of tui-rs.

In this version, we improved the existing widgets such as Barchart and Scrollbar. We also made improvmements in the testing/internal APIs to provide a smoother testing/development experience. Additionally, we have addressed various bugs and implemented enhancements.

Here is a blog post that highlights the new features and breaking changes along with a retrospective about the project: https://blog.orhun.dev/ratatui-0-23-0

Features

(barchart) Add direction attribute. (horizontal bars support) (#325) (0dca6a6)

* feat(barchart): Add direction attribute

Enable rendering the bars horizontally. In some cases this allow us to
make more efficient use of the available space.

(cell) Add voluntary skipping capability for sixel (#215) (e4bcf78)

> Sixel is a bitmap graphics format supported by terminals.
> "Sixel mode" is entered by sending the sequence ESC+Pq.
> The "String Terminator" sequence ESC+\ exits the mode.

The graphics are then rendered with the top left positioned at the
cursor position.

It is actually possible to render sixels in ratatui with just
`buf.get_mut(x, y).set_symbol("^[Pq ... ^[\")`. But any buffer covering
the "image area" will overwrite the graphics. This is most likely the same
buffer, even though it consists of empty characters `' '`, except for
the top-left character that starts the sequence.

Thus, either the buffer or cells must be specialized to avoid drawing
over the graphics. This patch specializes the `Cell` with a
`set_skip(bool)` method, based on James' patch:
https://github.com/TurtleTheSeaHobo/tui-rs/tree/sixel-support
I unsuccessfully tried specializing the `Buffer`, but as far as I can tell
buffers get merged all the way "up" and thus skipping must be set on the
Cells. Otherwise some kind of "skipping area" state would be required,
which I think is too complicated.

Having access to the buffer now it is possible to skip all cells but the
first one which can then `set_symbol(sixel)`. It is up to the user to
deal with the graphics size and buffer area size. It is possible to get
the terminal's font size in pixels with a syscall.

An image widget for ratatui that uses this `skip` flag is available at
https://github.com/benjajaja/ratatu-image.

(list) Add option to always allocate the "selection" column width (#394) (4d70169)

* feat(list): add option to always allocate the "selection" column width

Before this option was available, selecting a item in a list when nothing was selected
previously made the row layout change (the same applies to unselecting) by adding the width
of the "highlight symbol" in the front of the list, this option allows to configure this
behavior.

* style: change "highlight_spacing" doc comment to use inline code-block for reference

(release) Add automated nightly releases (#359) (aad164a)

* feat(release): add automated nightly releases

* refactor(release): rename the alpha workflow

* refactor(release): simplify the release calculation

(scrollbar) Add optional track symbol (#360) (1727fa5) [breaking]

The track symbol is now optional, simplifying composition with other
widgets.

(table) Add support for line alignment in the table widget (#392) (7748720)

* feat(table): enforce line alignment in table render

* test(table): add table alignment render test

(widgets::table) Add option to always allocate the "selection" constraint (#375) (f63ac72)

* feat(table): add option to configure selection layout changes

Before this option was available, selecting a row in the table when no row was selected
previously made the tables layout change (the same applies to unselecting) by adding the width
of the "highlight symbol" in the front of the first column, this option allows to configure this
behavior.

* refactor(table): refactor "get_columns_widths" to return (x, width)

and "render" to make use of that

* refactor(table): refactor "get_columns_widths" to take in a selection_width instead of a boolean

also refactor "render" to make use of this change

* fix(table): rename "highlight_set_selection_space" to "highlight_spacing"

* style(table): apply doc-comment suggestions from code review

(uncategorized) Expand serde attributes for TestBuffer (#389) (57ea871)
(uncategorized) Add weak constraints to make rects closer to each other in size ✨ (#395) (6153371)
```
Also make `Max` and `Min` constraints MEDIUM strength for higher priority over equal chunks
```
(uncategorized) Simplify split function ✨ (#411) (b090101)

Bug Fixes

(barchart) Empty groups causes panic (#333) (9c95673)

This unlikely to happen, since nobody wants to add an empty group.
Even we fix the panic, things will not render correctly.
So it is better to just not add them to the BarChart.

(block) Fixed title_style not rendered (#349) (#363) (49a82e0)

(cargo) Adjust minimum paste version (#348) (8db9fb4)

ratatui is using features that are currently only available in paste 1.0.2; specifying the minimum version to be 1.0 will consequently cause a compilation error if cargo is only able to use a version less than 1.0.2.

(example) Fix typo (#337) (daf5890)
```
the existential feels
```

(layout) Don't leave gaps between chunks (#408) (56455e0)

Previously the layout used the floor of the calculated start and width
as the value to use for the split Rects. This resulted in gaps between
the split rects.

This change modifies the layout to round to the nearest column instead
of taking the floor of the start and width. This results in the start
and end of each rect being rounded the same way and being strictly
adjacent without gaps.

Because there is a required constraint that ensures that the last end is
equal to the area end, there is no longer the need to fixup the last
item width when the fill (as e.g. width = x.99 now rounds to x+1 not x).

The colors example has been updated to use Ratio(1, 8) instead of
Percentage(13), as this now renders without gaps for all possible sizes,
whereas previously it would have left odd gaps between columns.

(layout) Ensure left <= right (#410) (f4ed3b7)

The recent refactor missed the positive width constraint

(readme) Fix typo in readme (#344) (d05ab6f)
(readme) Fix incorrect template link (#338) (b9290b3)
(readme) Fix typo in readme (#336) (7e37a96)
(release) Fix the last tag retrieval for alpha releases (#416) (b6b2da5)
(release) Set the correct permissions for creating alpha releases (#400) (778c320)

(scrollbar) Move symbols to symbols module (#330) (7539f77) [breaking]

The symbols and sets are moved from `widgets::scrollbar` to
`symbols::scrollbar`. This makes it consistent with the other symbol
sets and allows us to make the scrollbar module private rather than
re-exporting it.

(table) Fix unit tests broken due to rounding (#419) (dc55211)

The merge of the table unit tests after the rounding layout fix was not
rebased correctly, this addresses the broken tests, makes them more
concise while adding comments to help clarify that the rounding behavior
is working as expected.

(uncategorized) Correct minor typos in documentation (#331) (13fb11a)

Refactor

(barchart) Reduce some calculations (#430) (fc727df)

Calculating the label_offset is unnecessary, if we just render the
group label after rendering the bars. We can just reuse bar_y.

(layout) Simplify and doc split() (#405) (de25de0)

* test(layout): add tests for split()

* refactor(layout): simplify and doc split()

This is mainly a reduction in density of the code with a goal of
improving mainatainability so that the algorithm is clear.

(layout) Simplify split() function (#396) (5195099)

Removes some unnecessary code and makes the function more readable.
Instead of creating a temporary result and mutating it, we just create
the result directly from the list of changes.

Documentation

(examples) Fix the instructions for generating demo GIF (#442) (7a70602)

(examples) Show layout constraints (#393) (10dbd6f)

Shows the way that layout constraints interact visually

![example](https://vhs.charm.sh/vhs-1ZNoNLNlLtkJXpgg9nCV5e.gif)

(examples) Add color and modifiers examples (#345) (6ad4bd4)

The intent of these examples is to show the available colors and
modifiers.

- added impl Display for Color

![colors](https://vhs.charm.sh/vhs-2ZCqYbTbXAaASncUeWkt1z.gif)
![modifiers](https://vhs.charm.sh/vhs-2ovGBz5l3tfRGdZ7FCw0am.gif)

(examples) Regen block.gif in readme (#365) (e82521e)

(examples) Update block example (#351) (554805d)

![Block example](https://vhs.charm.sh/vhs-5X6hpReuDBKjD6hLxmDQ6F.gif)

(examples) Add examples readme with gifs (#303) (add578a)

This commit adds a readme to the examples directory with gifs of each
example. This should make it easier to see what each example does
without having to run it.

I modified the examples to fit better in the gifs. Mostly this was just
removing the margins, but for the block example I cleaned up the code a
bit to make it more readable and changed it so the background bug is not
triggered.

For the table example, the combination of Min, Length, and Percent
constraints was causing the table to panic when the terminal was too
small. I changed the example to use the Max constraint instead of the
Length constraint.

The layout example now shows information about how the layout is
constrained on each block (which is now a paragraph with a block).

(layout) Add doc comments (#403) (418ed20)
(layout::Constraint) Add doc-comments for all variants (#371) (c8ddc16)

(lib) Extract feature documentation from Cargo.toml (#438) (8b36683)

* docs(lib): extract feature documentation from Cargo.toml

* chore(deps): make `document-features` optional dependency

* docs(lib): document the serde feature from features section

(paragraph) Add more docs (#428) (6d6ecee)

(project) Make the project description cooler (#441) (47fe4ad)

* docs(project): make the project description cooler

* docs(lib): simplify description

(readme) Use the correct version for MSRV (#369) (3a37d2f)
(readme) Fix widget docs links (#346) (2920e04)
```
Add scrollbar, clear. Fix Block link. Sort
```
(span) Update docs and tests for Span (#427) (d0ee04a)
(uncategorized) Improve scrollbar doc comment (#329) (c3f87f2)

Performance

(bench) Used iter_batched to clone widgets in setup function (#383) (149d489)

Replaced `Bencher::iter` by `Bencher::iter_batched` to clone the widget in the setup function instead of in the benchmark timing.

Styling

(paragraph) Add documentation for "scroll"'s "offset" (#355) (ab5e616)

* style(paragraph): add documentation for "scroll"'s "offset"

* style(paragraph): add more text to the scroll doc-comment

Testing

(block) Test all block methods (#431) (a890f2a)

(block) Add benchmarks (#368) (e18393d)

Added benchmarks to the block widget to uncover eventual performance issues

(canvas) Add unit tests for line (#437) (ad3413e)

Also add constructor to simplify creating lines

(canvas) Add tests for rectangle (#429) (ad4d6e7)
(clear) Test Clear rendering (#432) (e9bd736)

(list) Added benchmarks (#377) (664fb4c)

Added benchmarks for the list widget (render and render half scrolled)

(map) Add unit tests (#436) (f0716ed)

(sparkline) Added benchmark (#384) (3293c6b)

Added benchmark for the `sparkline` widget testing a basic render with different amount of data

(styled_grapheme) Test StyledGrapheme methods (#433) (292a11d)
(table) Add test for consistent table-column-width (#404) (4cd843e)
(tabs) Add unit tests (#439) (14eb6b6)

(test_backend) Add tests for TestBackend coverage (#434) (b35f19e)

These are mostly to catch any future bugs introduced in the test backend

(text) Add unit tests (#435) (fc9f637)

Miscellaneous Tasks

(changelog) Ignore alpha tags (#440) (6009844)

(changelog) Show full commit message (#423) (a937500)

This allows someone reading the changelog to search for information
about breaking changes or implementation of new functionality.

- refactored the commit template part to a macro instead of repeating it
- added a link to the commit and to the release
- updated the current changelog for the alpha and unreleased changes
- Automatically changed the existing * lists to - lists

(ci) Update the name of the CI workflow (#417) (89ef0e2)

(codecov) Fix yaml syntax (#407) (ea48af1)

a yaml file cannot contain tabs outside of strings

(docs) Add doc comment bump to release documentation (#382) (8b28672)
(github) Add kdheepak as a maintainer (#343) (60a4131)
(github) Rename tui-rs-revival references to ratatui-org (#340) (964190a)
(make) Add task descriptions to Makefile.toml (#398) (268bbed)
(toolchain) Bump msrv to 1.67 (#361) (8cd3205) [breaking]
```
* chore(toolchain)!: bump msrv to 1.67
```

(traits) Add Display and FromStr traits (#425) (98155dc)

Use strum for most of these, with a couple of manual implementations,
and related tests

(uncategorized) Create rust-toolchain.toml (#415) (d2429bc)

(uncategorized) Use vhs to create demo.gif (#390) (8c55158)

The bug that prevented braille rendering is fixed, so switch to VHS for
rendering the demo gif

![Demo of Ratatui](https://vhs.charm.sh/vhs-tF0QbuPbtHgUeG0sTVgFr.gif)

(uncategorized) Implement Hash common traits (#381) (8c4a2e0)

Reorder the derive fields to be more consistent:

    Debug, Default, Clone, Copy, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd, Hash

Hash trait won't be impl in this PR due to rust std design.
If we need hash trait for f64 related structs in the future,
we should consider wrap f64 into a new type.

(uncategorized) Implement Eq & PartialEq common traits (#357) (181706c)

Reorder the derive fields to be more consistent:

    Debug, Default, Clone, Copy, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd, Hash

(uncategorized) Implement Clone & Copy common traits (#350) (440f62f)

Implement `Clone & Copy` common traits for most structs in src.

Only implement `Copy` for structs that are simple and trivial to copy.

Reorder the derive fields to be more consistent:

    Debug, Default, Clone, Copy, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd, Hash

(uncategorized) Implement Debug & Default common traits (#339) (bf49446)

Implement `Debug & Default` common traits for most structs in src.

Reorder the derive fields to be more consistent:

    Debug, Default, Clone, Copy, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd, Hash

Build

(deps) Upgrade crossterm to 0.27 (#380) (37fa6ab)

(examples) Fix cargo make run-examples (#327) (e2cb11c)

Enables the all-widgets feature so that the calendar example runs correctly

(uncategorized) Forbid unsafe code (#332) (0fb1ed8)

This indicates good (high level) code and is used by tools like cargo-geiger.

Continuous Integration

(coverage) Exclude examples directory from coverage (#373) (de9f52f)

(uncategorized) Don't fail fast (#364) (9191ad6)

Run all the tests rather than canceling when one test fails. This allows
us to see all the failures, rather than just the first one if there are
multiple. Specifically this is useful when we have an issue in one
toolchain or backend.

(uncategorized) Add coverage token (#352) (6f659cf)

Contributors

Thank you so much to everyone that contributed to this release!

Here is the list of contributors who have contributed to ratatui for the first time!

@EdJoPaTo
@mhovd
@joshrotenberg
@t-nil
@ndd7xv
@TieWay59
@Valentin271
@hasezoey
@jkcdarunday
@stappersg
@benjajaja

v0.22.0 - 2023-07-17

Features

(barchart) Set custom text value in the bar (#309)
(barchart) Enable barchart groups (#288)
(block) Support for having more than one title (#232)
(examples) User_input example cursor movement (#302)
(misc) Make builder fn const (#275) (#275)
(prelude) Add a prelude (#304)
(style) Enable setting the underline color for crossterm (#308) (#310)
(style) Allow Modifiers add/remove in const (#287)
(stylize) Allow all widgets to be styled (#289)
(terminal) Expose 'swap_buffers' method
(uncategorized) Stylization shorthands (#283)
(uncategorized) Add scrollbar widget (#228)

Bug Fixes

(clippy) Unused_mut lint for layout (#285)
(examples) Correct progress label in gague example (#263)
(layout) Cap Constraint::apply to 100% length (#264)
(lint) Suspicious_double_ref_op is new in 1.71 (#311)
(prelude) Remove widgets module from prelude (#317)
(title) Remove default alignment and position (#323)
(typos) Configure typos linter (#233)
(uncategorized) Rust-tui-template became a revival project (#320)
(uncategorized) Revert removal of WTFPL from deny.toml (#266)

Refactor

(ci) Simplify cargo-make installation (#240)
(text) Simplify reflow implementation (#290)

Documentation

(color) Parse more color formats and add docs (#306)
(lib) Add tui-term a pseudoterminal library (#268)
(lib) Fixup tui refs in widgets/mod.rs (#216)
(lib) Add backend docs (#213)
(readme) Remove duplicated mention of tui-rs-tree-widgets (#223)
(uncategorized) Improve CONTRIBUTING.md (#277)
(uncategorized) Fix scrollbar ascii illustrations and calendar doc paths (#272)
(uncategorized) README tweaks (#225)
(uncategorized) Add CODEOWNERS file (#212)
(uncategorized) Update README.md and add hello_world example (#204)

Styling

(comments) Set comment length to wrap at 100 chars (#218)
(config) Apply formatting to config files (#238)
(manifest) Apply formatting to Cargo.toml (#237)
(readme) Update the style of badges in README.md (#299)
(widget) Inline format arguments (#279)
(uncategorized) Fix formatting (#292)
(uncategorized) Reformat imports (#219)

Testing

(barchart) Add unit tests (#301)
(paragraph) Simplify paragraph benchmarks (#282)
(uncategorized) Add benchmarks for paragraph (#262)

Miscellaneous Tasks

(ci) Bump cargo-make version (#239)
(ci) Enable merge queue for builds (#235)
(ci) Integrate cargo-deny for linting dependencies (#221)
(commitizen) Add commitizen config (#222)
(demo) Update demo gif (#234)
(demo) Update demo gif with a fixed unicode gauge (#227)
(features) Enable building with all-features (#286)
(github) Add EditorConfig config (#300)
(github) Simplify the CODEOWNERS file (#271)
(github) Add pull request template (#269)
(github) Fix the syntax in CODEOWNERS file (#236)
(license) Add Ratatui developers to license (#297)
(tests) Add coverage job to bacon (#312)
(uncategorized) Lint and doc cleanup (#191)

Build

(deps) Upgrade bitflags to 2.3 (#205) [breaking]
(uncategorized) Add git pre-push hooks using cargo-husky (#274)

Continuous Integration

(makefile) Split CI jobs (#278)
(uncategorized) Parallelize CI jobs (#318)
(uncategorized) Add feat-wrapping on push and on pull request ci triggers (#267)
(uncategorized) Add code coverage action (#209)

Contributors

Thank you so much to everyone that contributed to this release!

Here is the list of contributors who have contributed to ratatui for the first time!

@Nydragon
@snpefk
@Philipp-M
@mrbcmorris
@endepointe
@kdheepak
@samyosm
@SLASHLogin
@karthago1
@BoolPurist
@Nogesma

v0.21.0 - 2023-05-28

Features

(backend) Add termwiz backend and example (#5)
(block) Support placing the title on bottom (#36)
(border) Add border! macro for easy bitflag manipulation (#11)
(calendar) Add calendar widget (#138)
(color) Add FromStr implementation for Color (#180)
(list) Add len() to List (#24)
(paragraph) Allow Lines to be individually aligned (#149)
(sparkline) Finish #1 Sparkline directions PR (#134)
(terminal) Add inline viewport (#114) [breaking]
(test) Expose test buffer (#160)
(text) Add Masked to display secure data (#168) [breaking]
(widget) Add circle widget (#159)
(widget) Add style methods to Span, Spans, Text (#148)
(widget) Support adding padding to Block (#20)
(widget) Add offset() and offset_mut() for table and list state (#12)

Bug Fixes

(canvas) Use full block for Marker::Block (#133) [breaking]
(example) Update input in examples to only use press events (#129)
(uncategorized) Cleanup doc example (#145)
(reflow) Remove debug macro call (#198)

Refactor

(example) Remove redundant vec![] in user_input example (#26)
(example) Refactor paragraph example (#152)
(style) Mark some Style fns const so they can be defined globally (#115)
(text) Replace Spans with Line (#178)

Documentation

(apps) Fix rsadsb/adsb_deku radar link (#140)
(apps) Add tenere (#141)
(apps) Add twitch-tui (#124)
(apps) Add oxycards (#113)
(apps) Re-add trippy to APPS.md (#117)
(block) Add example for block.inner (#158)
(changelog) Update the empty profile link in contributors (#112)
(readme) Fix small typo in readme (#186)
(readme) Add termwiz demo to examples (#183)
(readme) Add acknowledgement section (#154)
(readme) Update project description (#127)
(uncategorized) Scrape example code from examples/* (#195)

Styling

(apps) Update the style of application list (#184)
(readme) Update project introduction in README.md (#153)
(uncategorized) Clippy's variable inlining in format macros

Testing

(buffer) Add assert_buffer_eq! and Debug implementation (#161)
(list) Add characterization tests for list (#167)
(widget) Add unit tests for Paragraph (#156)

Miscellaneous Tasks

(uncategorized) Inline format args (#190)
(uncategorized) Minor lints, making Clippy happier (#189)

Build

(uncategorized) Bump MSRV to 1.65.0 (#171)

Continuous Integration

(uncategorized) Add ci, build, and revert to allowed commit types

Contributors

Thank you so much to everyone that contributed to this release!

Here is the list of contributors who have contributed to ratatui for the first time!

@kpcyrd
@fujiapple852
@BrookJeynes
@Ziqi-Yang
@Xithrius
@lesleyrs
@pythops
@wcampbell0x2a
@sophacles
@Eyesonjune18
@a-kenji
@TimerErTim
@Mehrbod2002
@thomas-mauran
@nyurik

v0.20.1 - 2023-03-19

Bug Fixes

(style) Bold needs a bit (#104)

Documentation

(apps) Add "logss" to apps (#105)
(uncategorized) Fixup remaining tui references (#106)

Contributors

Thank you so much to everyone that contributed to this release!

@joshka
@todoesverso
@UncleScientist

v0.20.0 - 2023-03-19

This marks the first release of ratatui, a community-maintained fork of tui.

The purpose of this release is to include bug fixes and small changes into the repository thus no new features are added. We have transferred all the pull requests from the original repository and worked on the low hanging ones to incorporate them in this "maintenance" release.

Here is a list of changes:

Features

(cd) Add continuous deployment workflow (#93)
(ci) Add MacOS to CI (#60)
(widget) Add offset() to TableState (#10)
(widget) Add width() to ListItem (#17)

Bug Fixes

(ci) Test MSRV compatibility on CI (#85)
(ci) Bump Rust version to 1.63.0 (#80)
(ci) Use env for the cargo-make version (#76)
(ci) Fix deprecation warnings on CI (#58)
(doc) Add 3rd party libraries accidentally removed at #21 (#61)
(widget) List should not ignore empty string items (#42) [breaking]
(uncategorized) Cassowary/layouts: add extra constraints for fixing Min(v)/Max(v) combination. (#31)
(uncategorized) Fix user_input example double key press registered on windows
(uncategorized) Ignore zero-width symbol on rendering Paragraph
(uncategorized) Fix typos (#45)
(uncategorized) Fix typos (#47)

Refactor

(style) Make bitflags smaller (#13)

Documentation

(apps) Move 'apps using ratatui' to dedicated file (#98) (#99)
(canvas) Add documentation for x_bounds, y_bounds (#35)
(contributing) Specify the use of unsafe for optimization (#67)
(github) Remove pull request template (#68)
(readme) Update crate status badge (#102)
(readme) Small edits before first release (#101)
(readme) Add install instruction and update title (#100)
(readme) Add systeroid to application list (#92)
(readme) Add glicol-cli to showcase list (#95)
(readme) Add oxker to application list (#74)
(readme) Add app kubectl-watch which uses tui (#73)
(readme) Add poketex to 'apps using tui' in README (#64)
(readme) Update README.md (#39)
(readme) Update README.md (#40)
(readme) Clarify README.md fork status update
(uncategorized) Fix: fix typos (#90)
(uncategorized) Update to build more backends (#81)
(uncategorized) Expand "Apps" and "Third-party" sections (#21)
(uncategorized) Add tui-input and update xplr in README.md
(uncategorized) Add hncli to list of applications made with tui-rs (#41)
(uncategorized) Updated readme and contributing guide with updates about the fork (#46)

Performance

(layout) Better safe shared layout cache (#62)

Miscellaneous Tasks

(cargo) Update project metadata (#94)
(ci) Integrate typos for checking typos (#91)
(ci) Change the target branch to main (#79)
(ci) Re-enable clippy on CI (#59)
(uncategorized) Integrate committed for checking conventional commits (#77)
(uncategorized) Update rust-version to 1.59 in Cargo.toml (#57)
(uncategorized) Update deps (#51)
(uncategorized) Fix typo in layout.rs (#619)
(uncategorized) Add apps using tui

Contributors

Thank you so much to everyone that contributed to this release!

@orhun
@mindoodoo
@sayanarijit
@Owletti
@UncleScientist
@rhysd
@ckaznable
@imuxin
@mrjackwills
@conradludgate
@kianmeng
@chaosprint

And most importantly, special thanks to Florian Dehau for creating this awesome library 💖 We look forward to building on the strong foundations that the original crate laid out.

v0.19.0 - 2022-08-14

Features

Bump crossterm to 0.25

v0.18.0 - 2022-04-24

Features

Update crossterm to 0.23

v0.17.0 - 2022-01-22

Features

Add option to widgets::List to repeat the highlight symbol for each line of multi-line items (#533).
Add option to control the alignment of Axis labels in the Chart widget (#568).

Breaking changes

The minimum supported rust version is now 1.56.1.

New default backend and consolidated backend options (#553)

crossterm is now the default backend. If you are already using the crossterm backend, you can simplify your dependency specification in Cargo.toml:

- tui = { version = "0.16", default-features = false, features = ["crossterm"] }
+ tui = "0.17"

If you are using the termion backend, your Cargo is now a bit more verbose:

- tui = "0.16"
+ tui = { version = "0.17", default-features = false, features = ["termion"] }

crossterm has also been bumped to version 0.22.

Because of their apparent low usage, curses and rustbox backends have been removed. If you are using one of them, you can import their last implementation in your own project:

curses
rustbox

Canvas labels (#543)

Labels of the Canvas widget are now text::Spans. The signature of widgets::canvas::Context::print has thus been updated:

- ctx.print(x, y, "Some text", Color::Yellow);
+ ctx.print(x, y, Span::styled("Some text", Style::default().fg(Color::Yellow)))

v0.16.0 - 2021-08-01

Features

Update crossterm to 0.20.
Add From<Cow<str>> implementation for text::Text (#471).
Add option to right or center align the title of a widgets::Block (#462).

Fixes

Apply label style in widgets::Gauge and avoid panics because of overflows with long labels (#494).
Avoid panics because of overflows with long axis labels in widgets::Chart (#512).
Fix computation of column widths in widgets::Table (#514).
Fix panics because of invalid offset when input changes between two frames in widgets::List and widgets::Chart (#516).

v0.15.0 - 2021-05-02

Features

Update crossterm to 0.19.
Update rand to 0.8.
Add a read-only view of the terminal state after the draw call (#440).

Fixes

Remove compile warning in TestBackend::assert_buffer (#466).

v0.14.0 - 2021-01-01

Breaking changes

New API for the Table widget

The Table widget got a lot of improvements that should make it easier to work with:

It should not longer panic when rendered on small areas.
Rows are now a collection of Cells, themselves wrapping a Text. This means you can style the entire Table, an entire Row, an entire Cell and rely on the styling capabilities of Text to get full control over the look of your Table.
Rows can have multiple lines.
The header is now optional and is just another Row always visible at the top.
Rows can have a bottom margin.
The header alignment is no longer off when an item is selected.

Taking the example of the code in examples/demo/ui.rs, this is what you may have to change:

     let failure_style = Style::default()
         .fg(Color::Red)
         .add_modifier(Modifier::RAPID_BLINK | Modifier::CROSSED_OUT);
-    let header = ["Server", "Location", "Status"];
     let rows = app.servers.iter().map(|s| {
         let style = if s.status == "Up" {
             up_style
         } else {
             failure_style
         };
-        Row::StyledData(vec![s.name, s.location, s.status].into_iter(), style)
+        Row::new(vec![s.name, s.location, s.status]).style(style)
     });
-    let table = Table::new(header.iter(), rows)
+    let table = Table::new(rows)
+        .header(
+            Row::new(vec!["Server", "Location", "Status"])
+                .style(Style::default().fg(Color::Yellow))
+                .bottom_margin(1),
+        )
         .block(Block::default().title("Servers").borders(Borders::ALL))
-        .header_style(Style::default().fg(Color::Yellow))
         .widths(&[
             Constraint::Length(15),
             Constraint::Length(15),

Here, we had to:

Change the way we construct Row which is no longer an enum but a struct. It accepts anything that can be converted to an iterator of things that can be converted to a Cell
The header is no longer a required parameter so we use Table::header to set it. Table::header_style has been removed since the style can be directly set using Row::style. In addition, we want to preserve the old margin between the header and the rest of the rows so we add a bottom margin to the header using Row::bottom_margin.

You may want to look at the documentation of the different types to get a better understanding:

Table
Row
Cell

Fixes

Fix handling of Non Breaking Space (NBSP) in wrapped text in Paragraph widget.

Features

Add Style::reset to create a Style resetting all styling properties when applied.
Add an option to render the Gauge widget with unicode blocks.
Manage common project tasks with cargo-make rather than make for easier on-boarding.

v0.13.0 - 2020-11-14

Features

Add LineGauge widget which is a more compact variant of the existing Gauge.
Bump crossterm to 0.18

Fixes

Take into account the borders of the Table widget when the widths of columns is controlled by Percentage and Ratio constraints.

v0.12.0 - 2020-09-27

Features

Make it easier to work with string with multiple lines in Text (#361).

Fixes

Fix a style leak in Graph so components drawn on top of the plotted data (i.e legend and axis titles) are not affected by the style of the Datasets (#388).
Make sure BarChart shows bars with the max height only when the plotted data is actually equal to the max (#383).

v0.11.0 - 2020-09-20

Features

Add the dot character as a new type of canvas marker (#350).
Support more style modifiers on Windows (#368).

Fixes

Clearing the terminal through Terminal::clear will cause the whole UI to be redrawn (#380).
Fix incorrect output when the first diff to draw is on the second cell of the terminal (#347).

v0.10.0 - 2020-07-17

Breaking changes

Easier cursor management

A new method has been added to Frame called set_cursor. It lets you specify where the cursor should be placed after the draw call. Furthermore like any other widgets, if you do not set a cursor position during a draw call, the cursor is automatically hidden.

For example:

fn draw_input(f: &mut Frame, app: &App) {
  if app.editing {
    let input_width = app.input.width() as u16;
    // The cursor will be placed just after the last character of the input
    f.set_cursor((input_width + 1, 0));
  } else {
    // We are no longer editing, the cursor does not have to be shown, set_cursor is not called and
    // thus automatically hidden.
  }
}

In order to make this possible, the draw closure takes in input &mut Frame instead of mut Frame.

Advanced text styling

It has been reported several times that the text styling capabilities were somewhat limited in many places of the crate. To solve the issue, this release includes a new set of text primitives that are now used by a majority of widgets to provide flexible text styling.

Text is replaced by the following types:

Span: a string with a unique style.
Spans: a string with multiple styles.
Text: a multi-lines string with multiple styles.

However, you do not always need this complexity so the crate provides From implementations to let you use simple strings as a default and switch to the previous primitives when you need additional styling capabilities.

For example, the title of a Block can be set in the following ways:

// A title with no styling
Block::default().title("My title");
// A yellow title
Block::default().title(Span::styled("My title", Style::default().fg(Color::Yellow)));
// A title where "My" is bold and "title" is a simple string
Block::default().title(vec![
    Span::styled("My", Style::default().add_modifier(Modifier::BOLD)),
    Span::from("title")
]);

Buffer::set_spans and Buffer::set_span were added.
Paragraph::new expects an input that can be converted to a Text.
Block::title_style is deprecated.
Block::title expects a Spans.
Tabs expects a list of Spans.
Gauge custom label is now a Span.
Axis title and labels are Spans (as a consequence Chart no longer has generic bounds).

Incremental styling

Previously Style was used to represent an exhaustive set of style rules to be applied to an UI element. It implied that whenever you wanted to change even only one property you had to provide the complete style. For example, if you had a Block where you wanted to have a green background and a title in bold, you had to do the following:

let style = Style::default().bg(Color::Green);
Block::default()
  .style(style)
  .title("My title")
  // Here we reused the style otherwise the background color would have been reset
  .title_style(style.modifier(Modifier::BOLD));

In this new release, you may now write this as:

Block::default()
    .style(Style::default().bg(Color::Green))
    // The style is not overridden anymore, we simply add new style rule for the title.
    .title(Span::styled("My title", Style::default().add_modifier(Modifier::BOLD)))

In addition, the crate now provides a method patch to combine two styles into a new set of style rules:

let style = Style::default().modifier(Modifier::BOLD);
let style = style.patch(Style::default().add_modifier(Modifier::ITALIC));
// style.modifier == Modifier::BOLD | Modifier::ITALIC, the modifier has been enriched not overridden

Style::modifier has been removed in favor of Style::add_modifier and Style::remove_modifier.
Buffer::set_style has been added. Buffer::set_background is deprecated.
BarChart::style no longer set the style of the bars. Use BarChart::bar_style in replacement.
Gauge::style no longer set the style of the gauge. Use Gauge::gauge_style in replacement.

List with item on multiple lines

The List widget has been refactored once again to support items with variable heights and complex styling.

List::new expects an input that can be converted to a Vec<ListItem> where ListItem is a wrapper around the item content to provide additional styling capabilities. ListItem contains a Text.
List::items has been removed.

// Before
let items = vec![
  "Item1",
  "Item2",
  "Item3"
];
List::default().items(items.iters());

// After
let items = vec![
  ListItem::new("Item1"),
  ListItem::new("Item2"),
  ListItem::new("Item3"),
];
List::new(items);

See the examples for more advanced usages.

More wrapping options

Paragraph::wrap expects Wrap instead of bool to let users decided whether they want to trim whitespaces when the text is wrapped.

// before
Paragraph::new(text).wrap(true)
// after
Paragraph::new(text).wrap(Wrap { trim: true }) // to have the same behavior
Paragraph::new(text).wrap(Wrap { trim: false }) // to use the new behavior

Horizontal scrolling in paragraph

You can now scroll horizontally in Paragraph. The argument of Paragraph::scroll has thus be changed from u16 to (u16, u16).

Features

Serialization of style

You can now serialize and de-serialize Style using the optional serde feature.

v0.9.5 - 2020-05-21

Bug Fixes

Fix out of bounds panic in widgets::Tabs when the widget is rendered on small areas.

v0.9.4 - 2020-05-12

Bug Fixes

Ignore zero-width graphemes in Buffer::set_stringn.

v0.9.3 - 2020-05-11

Bug Fixes

Fix usize overflows in widgets::Chart when a dataset is empty.

v0.9.2 - 2020-05-10

Bug Fixes

Fix usize overflows in widgets::canvas::Line drawing algorithm.

v0.9.1 - 2020-04-16

Bug Fixes

The List widget now takes into account the width of the highlight_symbol when calculating the total width of its items. It prevents items to overflow outside of the widget area.

v0.9.0 - 2020-04-14

Features

Introduce stateful widgets, i.e widgets that can take advantage of keeping some state around between two draw calls (#210 goes a bit more into the details).
Allow a Table row to be selected.

// State initialization
let mut state = TableState::default();

// In the terminal.draw closure
let header = ["Col1", "Col2", "Col"];
let rows = [
  Row::Data(["Row11", "Row12", "Row13"].into_iter())
];
let table = Table::new(header.into_iter(), rows.into_iter());
f.render_stateful_widget(table, area, &mut state);

// In response to some event:
state.select(Some(1));

Add a way to choose the type of border used to draw a block. You can now choose from plain, rounded, double and thick lines.
Add a graph_type property on the Dataset of a Chart widget. By default it will be Scatter where the points are drawn as is. An other option is Line where a line will be draw between each consecutive points of the dataset.
Style methods are now const, allowing you to initialize const Style objects.
Improve control over whether the legend in the Chart widget is shown or not. You can now set custom constraints using Chart::hidden_legend_constraints.
Add Table::header_gap to add some space between the header and the first row.
Remove log from the dependencies
Add a way to use a restricted set of unicode symbols in several widgets to improve portability in exchange of a degraded output. (see BarChart::bar_set, Sparkline::bar_set and Canvas::marker). You can check how the --enhanced-graphics flag is used in the demos.

Breaking Changes

Widget::render has been deleted. You should now use Frame::render_widget to render a widget on the corresponding Frame. This makes the Widget implementation totally decoupled from the Frame.

// Before
Block::default().render(&mut f, size);

// After
let block = Block::default();
f.render_widget(block, size);

Widget::draw has been renamed to Widget::render and the signature has been updated to reflect that widgets are consumable objects. Thus the method takes self instead of &mut self.

// Before
impl Widget for MyWidget {
  fn draw(&mut self, area: Rect, buf: &mut Buffer) {
  }
}

/// After
impl Widget for MyWidget {
  fn render(self, arera: Rect, buf: &mut Buffer) {
  }
}

Widget::background has been replaced by Buffer::set_background

// Before
impl Widget for MyWidget {
  fn render(self, arera: Rect, buf: &mut Buffer) {
    self.background(area, buf, self.style.bg);
  }
}

// After
impl Widget for MyWidget {
  fn render(self, arera: Rect, buf: &mut Buffer) {
    buf.set_background(area, self.style.bg);
  }
}

Update the Shape trait for objects that can be draw on a Canvas widgets. Instead of returning an iterator over its points, a Shape is given a Painter object that provides a paint as well as a get_point method. This gives the Shape more information about the surface it will be drawn to. In particular, this change allows the Line shape to use a more precise and efficient drawing algorithm (Bresenham's line algorithm).
SelectableList has been deleted. You can now take advantage of the associated ListState of the List widget to select an item.

// Before
List::new(&["Item1", "Item2", "Item3"])
  .select(Some(1))
  .render(&mut f, area);

// After

// State initialization
let mut state = ListState::default();

// In the terminal.draw closure
let list = List::new(&["Item1", "Item2", "Item3"]);
f.render_stateful_widget(list, area, &mut state);

// In response to some events
state.select(Some(1));

widgets::Marker has been moved to symbols::Marker

v0.8.0 - 2019-12-15

Breaking Changes

Bump crossterm to 0.14.
Add cross symbol to the symbols list.

Bug Fixes

Use the value of title_style to style the title of Axis.

v0.7.0 - 2019-11-29

Breaking Changes

Use Constraint instead of integers to specify the widths of the Table widget's columns. This will allow more responsive tables.

Table::new(header, row)
  .widths(&[15, 15, 10])
  .render(f, chunk);

becomes:

Table::new(header, row)
  .widths(&[
    Constraint::Length(15),
    Constraint::Length(15),
    Constraint::Length(10),
  ])
  .render(f, chunk);

Bump crossterm to 0.13.
Use Github Actions for CI (Travis and Azure Pipelines integrations have been deleted).

Features

Add support for horizontal and vertical margins in Layout.

v0.6.2 - 2019-07-16

Features

Text implements PartialEq

Bug Fixes

Avoid overflow errors in canvas

v0.6.1 - 2019-06-16

Bug Fixes

Avoid a division by zero when all values in a barchart are equal to 0.
Fix the inverted cursor position in the curses backend.
Ensure that the correct terminal size is returned when using the crossterm backend.
Avoid highlighting the separator after the selected item in the Tabs widget.

v0.6.0 - 2019-05-18

Breaking Changes

Update crossterm backend

v0.5.1 - 2019-04-14

Bug Fixes

Fix a panic in the Sparkline widget

v0.5.0 - 2019-03-10

Features

Add a new curses backend (with Windows support thanks to pancurses).
Add Backend::get_cursor and Backend::set_cursor methods to query and set the position of the cursor.
Add more constructors to the Crossterm backend.
Add a demo for all backends using a shared UI and application state.
Add Ratio as a new variant of layout Constraint. It can be used to define exact ratios constraints.

Breaking Changes

Add support for multiple modifiers on the same Style by changing Modifier from an enum to a bitflags struct.

So instead of writing:

let style = Style::default().add_modifier(Modifier::Italic);

one should use:

let style = Style::default().add_modifier(Modifier::ITALIC);
// or
let style = Style::default().add_modifier(Modifier::ITALIC | Modifier::BOLD);

Bug Fixes

Ensure correct behavior of the alternate screens with the Crossterm backend.
Fix out of bounds panic when two Buffer are merged.

v0.4.0 - 2019-02-03

Features

Add a new canvas shape: Rectangle.
Official support of Crossterm backend.
Make it possible to choose the divider between Tabs.
Add word wrapping on Paragraph.
The gauge widget accepts a ratio (f64 between 0 and 1) in addition of a percentage.

Breaking Changes

Upgrade to Rust 2018 edition.

Bug Fixes

Fix rendering of double-width characters.
Fix race condition on the size of the terminal and expose a size that is safe to use when drawing through Frame::size.
Prevent unsigned int overflow on large screens.

v0.3.0 - 2018-11-04

Features

Add experimental test backend

v0.3.0-beta.3 - 2018-09-24

Features

show_cursor is called when Terminal is dropped if the cursor is hidden.

v0.3.0-beta.2 - 2018-09-23

Breaking Changes

Remove custom termion backends. This is motivated by the fact that termion structs are meant to be combined/wrapped to provide additional functionalities to the terminal (e.g AlternateScreen, Mouse support, ...). Thus providing exclusive types do not make a lot of sense and give a false hint that additional features cannot be used together. The recommended approach is now to create your own version of stdout:

let stdout = io::stdout().into_raw_mode()?;
let stdout = MouseTerminal::from(stdout);
let stdout = AlternateScreen::from(stdout);

and then to create the corresponding termion backend:

let backend = TermionBackend::new(stdout);

The resulting code is more verbose but it works with all combinations of additional termion features.

v0.3.0-beta.1 - 2018-09-08

Breaking Changes

Replace Item by a generic and flexible Text that can be used in both Paragraph and List widgets.
Remove unnecessary borrows on Style.

v0.3.0-beta.0 - 2018-09-04

Features

Add a basic Crossterm backend

Breaking Changes

Remove Group and introduce Layout in its place
- Terminal is no longer required to compute a layout
- Size has been renamed Constraint
Widgets are rendered on a Frame instead of a Terminal in order to avoid mixing draw and render calls
draw on Terminal expects a closure where the UI is built by rendering widgets on the given Frame
Update Widget trait
- draw takes area by value
- render takes a Frame instead of a Terminal
All widgets use the consumable builder pattern
SelectableList can have no selected item and the highlight symbol is hidden in this case
Remove markup language inside Paragraph. Paragraph now expects an iterator of Text items

v0.2.3 - 2018-06-09

Features

Add start_corner option for List
Add more text alignment options for Paragraph

v0.2.2 - 2018-05-06

Features

Terminal implements Debug

Breaking Changes

Use FnOnce instead of FnMut in Group::render

v0.2.1 - 2018-04-01

Features

Add AlternateScreenBackend in termion backend
Add TermionBackend::with_stdout in order to let an user of the library provides its own termion struct
Add tests and documentation for Buffer::pos_of
Remove leading whitespaces when wrapping text

Bug Fixes

Fix debug_assert in Buffer::pos_of
Pass the style of SelectableList to the underlying List
Fix missing character when wrapping text
Fix panic when specifying layout constraints

v0.2.0 - 2017-12-26

Features

Add MouseBackend in termion backend to handle scroll and mouse events
Add generic Item for items in a List
Drop log4rs as a dev-dependencies in favor of stderrlog

Breaking Changes

Rename TermionBackend to RawBackend (to distinguish it from the MouseBackend)
Generic parameters for List to allow passing iterators as items
Generic parameters for Table to allow using iterators as rows and header
Generic parameters for Tabs
Rename border bitflags to Borders

Files

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Changelog

0.26.3 - 2024-05-19

Features

Bug Fixes

Refactor

Documentation

Performance

Styling

Testing

Miscellaneous Tasks

Build

New Contributors

0.26.2 - 2024-04-15

Features

Bug Fixes

Refactor

Documentation

Performance

Miscellaneous Tasks

Build

New Contributors

0.26.1 - 2024-02-12

Features

Bug Fixes

Refactor

Documentation

Performance

Miscellaneous Tasks

Contributors

0.26.0 - 2024-02-02

Features

Refactor

Documentation

Performance

Testing

Miscellaneous Tasks

Contributors

Sponsors

0.25.0 - 2023-12-18

Features

Bug Fixes

Refactor

Documentation

Styling

Miscellaneous Tasks

Continuous Integration

Contributors

0.24.0 - 2023-10-23

Features

Bug Fixes

Refactor

Documentation

Testing

Miscellaneous Tasks

Continuous Integration

Contributors

v0.23.0 - 2023-08-28

Features

Bug Fixes

Refactor

Documentation

Performance

Styling

Testing

Miscellaneous Tasks

Build

Continuous Integration

Contributors

v0.22.0 - 2023-07-17

Features

Bug Fixes

Refactor

Documentation

Styling