Install/build Failed, clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation) - macos

[Xplo8E]

with make

❯ make
[ "`readlink ext/frida`" = frida-macos-16.2.1 ] || \
		(cd ext && rm -f frida ; ln -fs frida-macos-16.2.1 frida)
rm -f src/_agent*
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/make src/r2frida-compile
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/clang -g src/r2frida-compile.c -Iext/frida  \
		-I/usr/local/include/libr -L/usr/local/lib -lr_util -ldl ext/frida/libfrida-core.a -framework Foundation -lbsm -framework AppKit -lresolv \
		-DFRIDA_VERSION_STRING=\"16.2.1\" -DFRIDA_VERSION_MAJOR=16 -DR2FRIDA_VERSION_STRING=\"5.9.0\" -fPIC -Wall -Werror -g -I/usr/local/include/libr -I/usr/local/Cellar/capstone/5.0.1/include/capstone -I/usr/local/include/libr -DWANT_SESSION_DEBUGGER=1 -fPIC -g -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/Cellar/capstone/5.0.1/lib -L/usr/local/lib -lr_core -lm -lcapstone -lr_config -ldl -lr_debug -ldl -lr_bin -ldl -lr_lang -ldl -lr_anal -ldl -lr_bp -ldl -lr_egg -ldl -lr_asm -ldl -lr_flag -ldl -lr_search -ldl -lr_syscall -ldl -lr_fs -ldl -lr_magic -ldl -lr_arch -ldl -lr_esil -ldl -lr_reg -ldl -lr_io -ldl -lr_socket -ldl -lr_cons -ldl -lr_crypto -ldl -lr_util -ldl -pthread -Iext/frida -o src/r2frida-compile
ld: warning: ignoring duplicate libraries: '-ldl', '-lr_util'
ld: library 'dl' not found
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
make[1]: *** [src/r2frida-compile] Error 1
make: *** [all] Error 2

with r2pm -ci r2frida

~
❯ r2pm -ci r2frida
INFO: Cleaning r2frida
INFO: Using r2-5.9.1 and r2pm-5.9.1
INFO: Cleaning r2frida
fatal: detected dubious ownership in repository at '/Users/apple/.local/share/radare2/r2pm/git/r2frida'
To add an exception for this directory, call:

	git config --global --add safe.directory /Users/apple/.local/share/radare2/r2pm/git/r2frida
INFO: Starting install for r2frida
INFO: SCRIPT=<<EOF
INFO: 	unset CFLAGS
	unset LDFLAGS
	./configure || R2PM_FAIL "Install fail"
	if [ -n "${FRIDA_VERSION}" ]; then
		${MAKE} frida_version=${FRIDA_VERSION} || R2PM_FAIL "Build failed"
	else
		${MAKE} || R2PM_FAIL "Build failed"
	fi
	if [ "$GLOBAL" = 1 ]; then
		${R2PM_SUDO} ${MAKE} install || R2PM_FAIL "Install fail"
	else
		${MAKE} user-install R2_PLUGDIR="${R2PM_PLUGDIR}" || R2PM_FAIL "Install fail"
	fi
INFO: EOF
checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-darwin
checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-darwin
checking target system type... x86_64-unknown-darwin
checking for working directories... current
using prefix '/usr/local'
checking for pkg-config... /usr/local/bin/pkg-config
checking for c compiler... ./configure: line 360: test.c: Permission denied
no
cleaning temporally files... done
ERROR: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/clang cannot create executables
Install fail
[ "`readlink ext/frida`" = frida-macos-16.2.1 ] || \
		(cd ext && rm -f frida ; ln -fs frida-macos-16.2.1 frida)
rm -f src/_agent*
make src/r2frida-compile
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/clang -g src/r2frida-compile.c -Iext/frida  \
		-I/usr/local/include/libr -L/usr/local/lib -lr_util -ldl ext/frida/libfrida-core.a -framework Foundation -lbsm -framework AppKit -lresolv \
		-DFRIDA_VERSION_STRING=\"16.2.1\" -DFRIDA_VERSION_MAJOR=16 -DR2FRIDA_VERSION_STRING=\"5.9.0\" -fPIC -Wall -Werror -g -I/usr/local/include/libr -I/usr/local/Cellar/capstone/5.0.1/include/capstone -I/usr/local/include/libr -DWANT_SESSION_DEBUGGER=1 -fPIC -g -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/Cellar/capstone/5.0.1/lib -L/usr/local/lib -lr_core -lm -lcapstone -lr_config -ldl -lr_debug -ldl -lr_bin -ldl -lr_lang -ldl -lr_anal -ldl -lr_bp -ldl -lr_egg -ldl -lr_asm -ldl -lr_flag -ldl -lr_search -ldl -lr_syscall -ldl -lr_fs -ldl -lr_magic -ldl -lr_arch -ldl -lr_esil -ldl -lr_reg -ldl -lr_io -ldl -lr_socket -ldl -lr_cons -ldl -lr_crypto -ldl -lr_util -ldl -pthread -Iext/frida -o src/r2frida-compile
ld: warning: ignoring duplicate libraries: '-ldl', '-lr_util'
ld: library 'dl' not found
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
make[1]: *** [src/r2frida-compile] Error 1
make: *** [all] Error 2
Build failed
mkdir -p /"/Users/apple/.local/share/radare2/plugins"
mkdir -p /"/Users/apple/.local/share/radare2/prefix/bin"
rm -f "//Users/apple/.local/share/radare2/plugins/io_frida.dylib"
cp -f io_frida.dylib* /"/Users/apple/.local/share/radare2/plugins"
cp: io_frida.dylib*: No such file or directory
make: *** [user-install] Error 1
Install fail

~
❯

I tried to install r2frida using both methods in my macos 14.4.1, getting these errors, radare2 up to date, frida up to date.

[trufae]

libdl is available via libSystem in the dyldcache on macOS, and it builds fine here. Is your xcode up to date? or maybe you have a different broken compiler installed from brew? Try this

1$ vim a.c
0$ gcc a.c -ldl
0$ cat a.c
int main(void){return 0;}
0$

[Xplo8E]

$ gcc a.c -ldl
$ ./a.out
$ cat a.c
int main(void){return 0;}

it compiled fine.

[Xplo8E]

$ /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/clang a.c -ldl
ld: library 'dl' not found
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)

but with clang

$ clang a.c -ldl

$ where clang
/usr/bin/clang

$ where gcc
/usr/bin/gcc

[Xplo8E]

this issue was fixed with

export SDKROOT="`xcrun --show-sdk-path`"

[trufae]

Closing because it seems like an issue in your toolchain setup. using gcc/clang builds fine in my macOS.

Thanks for investigating and posting the solution to the issue, that may hopefully help other users if affected.