Linux/鸟哥的Linux私房菜-基础学习篇(第四版).pdf



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      <svg height="16" width="16" class="octicon octicon-search flex-shrink-0 js-jump-to-octicon-search d-none" title="Search" aria-label="Search" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" role="img"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M15.7 13.3l-3.81-3.83A5.93 5.93 0 0 0 13 6c0-3.31-2.69-6-6-6S1 2.69 1 6s2.69 6 6 6c1.3 0 2.48-.41 3.47-1.11l3.83 3.81c.19.2.45.3.7.3.25 0 .52-.09.7-.3a.996.996 0 0 0 0-1.41v.01zM7 10.7c-2.59 0-4.7-2.11-4.7-4.7 0-2.59 2.11-4.7 4.7-4.7 2.59 0 4.7 2.11 4.7 4.7 0 2.59-2.11 4.7-4.7 4.7z"/></svg>
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    <img class="avatar mr-2 flex-shrink-0 js-jump-to-suggestion-avatar d-none" alt="" aria-label="Team" src="" width="28" height="28">

    <div class="jump-to-suggestion-name js-jump-to-suggestion-name flex-auto overflow-hidden text-left no-wrap css-truncate css-truncate-target">
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    <div class="border rounded-1 flex-shrink-0 bg-gray px-1 text-gray-light ml-1 f6 d-none js-jump-to-badge-search">
      <span class="js-jump-to-badge-search-text-default d-none" aria-label="in this repository">
        In this repository
      </span>
      <span class="js-jump-to-badge-search-text-global d-none" aria-label="in all of GitHub">
        All GitHub
      </span>
      <span aria-hidden="true" class="d-inline-block ml-1 v-align-middle">↵</span>
    </div>

    <div aria-hidden="true" class="border rounded-1 flex-shrink-0 bg-gray px-1 text-gray-light ml-1 f6 d-none d-on-nav-focus js-jump-to-badge-jump">
      Jump to
      <span class="d-inline-block ml-1 v-align-middle">↵</span>
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  </a>
</li>


    <li class="d-flex flex-justify-center flex-items-center p-0 f5 js-jump-to-suggestion">
      <img src="https://github.githubassets.com/images/spinners/octocat-spinner-128.gif" alt="Octocat Spinner Icon" class="m-2" width="28">
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</ul>

            </div>
      </label>
</form>  </div>
</div>


      <nav class="d-flex flex-column flex-lg-row flex-self-stretch flex-lg-self-auto" aria-label="Global">
    <a class="Header-link d-block d-lg-none py-2 py-lg-0 border-top border-lg-top-0 border-white-fade-15" data-ga-click="Header, click, Nav menu - item:dashboard:user" aria-label="Dashboard" href="/dashboard">
      Dashboard
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  <a class="js-selected-navigation-item Header-link  mr-0 mr-lg-3 py-2 py-lg-0 border-top border-lg-top-0 border-white-fade-15" data-hotkey="g p" data-ga-click="Header, click, Nav menu - item:pulls context:user" aria-label="Pull requests you created" data-selected-links="/pulls /pulls/assigned /pulls/mentioned /pulls" href="/pulls">
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        Marketplace
</a>      

    </div>

  <a class="js-selected-navigation-item Header-link  mr-0 mr-lg-3 py-2 py-lg-0 border-top border-lg-top-0 border-white-fade-15" data-ga-click="Header, click, Nav menu - item:explore" data-selected-links="/explore /trending /trending/developers /integrations /integrations/feature/code /integrations/feature/collaborate /integrations/feature/ship showcases showcases_search showcases_landing /explore" href="/explore">
    Explore
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    <a class="Header-link d-block d-lg-none mr-0 mr-lg-3 py-2 py-lg-0 border-top border-lg-top-0 border-white-fade-15" href="https://github.com/Tinywan">
      <img class="avatar" height="20" width="20" alt="@Tinywan" src="https://avatars2.githubusercontent.com/u/14959876?s=60&amp;v=4" />
      Tinywan
</a>
    <!-- '"` --><!-- </textarea></xmp> --></option></form><form action="/logout" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="&#x2713;" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="IWpWVrwTl9YTpnGzuvBfEz00O+vff2p+z9NKG1cC3DsCxAL61BIAwjtntef/RBw6Em6HIl9bhyopNnH9vI1i4g==" />
      <button type="submit" class="Header-link mr-0 mr-lg-3 py-2 py-lg-0 border-top border-lg-top-0 border-white-fade-15 d-lg-none btn-link d-block width-full text-left" data-ga-click="Header, sign out, icon:logout" style="padding-left: 2px;">
        <svg class="octicon octicon-sign-out v-align-middle" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M12 9V7H8V5h4V3l4 3-4 3zm-2 3H6V3L2 1h8v3h1V1c0-.55-.45-1-1-1H1C.45 0 0 .45 0 1v11.38c0 .39.22.73.55.91L6 16.01V13h4c.55 0 1-.45 1-1V8h-1v4z"/></svg>
        Sign out
      </button>
</form></nav>

    </div>

    <div class="Header-item Header-item--full flex-justify-center d-lg-none position-relative">
      <div class="css-truncate css-truncate-target width-fit position-absolute left-0 right-0 text-center">
              <svg class="octicon octicon-repo" viewBox="0 0 12 16" version="1.1" width="12" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9H3V8h1v1zm0-3H3v1h1V6zm0-2H3v1h1V4zm0-2H3v1h1V2zm8-1v12c0 .55-.45 1-1 1H6v2l-1.5-1.5L3 16v-2H1c-.55 0-1-.45-1-1V1c0-.55.45-1 1-1h10c.55 0 1 .45 1 1zm-1 10H1v2h2v-1h3v1h5v-2zm0-10H2v9h9V1z"/></svg>
    <a class="Header-link" href="/songhuiqing">songhuiqing</a>
    /
    <a class="Header-link" href="/songhuiqing/book">book</a>

</div>
    </div>

    <div class="Header-item position-relative d-none d-lg-flex">
      

    </div>

    <div class="Header-item mr-0 mr-lg-3 flex-order-1 flex-lg-order-none">
      

    <a aria-label="You have no unread notifications" class="Header-link notification-indicator position-relative tooltipped tooltipped-s js-socket-channel js-notification-indicator" data-hotkey="g n" data-ga-click="Header, go to notifications, icon:read" data-channel="notification-changed:14959876" href="/notifications">
        <span class="mail-status "></span>
        <svg class="octicon octicon-bell" viewBox="0 0 14 16" version="1.1" width="14" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M14 12v1H0v-1l.73-.58c.77-.77.81-2.55 1.19-4.42C2.69 3.23 6 2 6 2c0-.55.45-1 1-1s1 .45 1 1c0 0 3.39 1.23 4.16 5 .38 1.88.42 3.66 1.19 4.42l.66.58H14zm-7 4c1.11 0 2-.89 2-2H5c0 1.11.89 2 2 2z"/></svg>
</a>
    </div>


    <div class="Header-item position-relative d-none d-lg-flex">
      <details class="details-overlay details-reset">
  <summary class="Header-link"
      aria-label="Create new…"
      data-ga-click="Header, create new, icon:add">
    <svg class="octicon octicon-plus" viewBox="0 0 12 16" version="1.1" width="12" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M12 9H7v5H5V9H0V7h5V2h2v5h5v2z"/></svg> <span class="dropdown-caret"></span>
  </summary>
  <details-menu class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-sw">
    
<a role="menuitem" class="dropdown-item" href="/new" data-ga-click="Header, create new repository">
  New repository
</a>

  <a role="menuitem" class="dropdown-item" href="/new/import" data-ga-click="Header, import a repository">
    Import repository
  </a>

<a role="menuitem" class="dropdown-item" href="https://gist.github.com/" data-ga-click="Header, create new gist">
  New gist
</a>

  <a role="menuitem" class="dropdown-item" href="/organizations/new" data-ga-click="Header, create new organization">
    New organization
  </a>


  <div role="none" class="dropdown-divider"></div>
  <div class="dropdown-header">
    <span title="songhuiqing/book">This repository</span>
  </div>
    <a role="menuitem" class="dropdown-item" href="/songhuiqing/book/issues/new" data-ga-click="Header, create new issue" data-skip-pjax>
      New issue
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  </details-menu>
</details>

    </div>

    <div class="Header-item position-relative mr-0 d-none d-lg-flex">
      
<details class="details-overlay details-reset">
  <summary class="Header-link"
    aria-label="View profile and more"
    data-ga-click="Header, show menu, icon:avatar">
    <img alt="@Tinywan" class="avatar" src="https://avatars1.githubusercontent.com/u/14959876?s=40&amp;v=4" height="20" width="20">
    <span class="dropdown-caret"></span>
  </summary>
  <details-menu class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-sw mt-2" style="width: 180px">
    <div class="header-nav-current-user css-truncate"><a role="menuitem" class="no-underline user-profile-link px-3 pt-2 pb-2 mb-n2 mt-n1 d-block" href="/Tinywan" data-ga-click="Header, go to profile, text:Signed in as">Signed in as <strong class="css-truncate-target">Tinywan</strong></a></div>
    <div role="none" class="dropdown-divider"></div>

      <div class="pl-3 pr-3 f6 user-status-container js-user-status-context pb-1" data-url="/users/status?compact=1&amp;link_mentions=0&amp;truncate=1">
        
<div class="js-user-status-container
    user-status-compact rounded-1 px-2 py-1 mt-2
    user-status-container-border-busy
" data-team-hovercards-enabled>
  <details class="js-user-status-details details-reset details-overlay details-overlay-dark">
    <summary class="btn-link btn-block link-gray no-underline js-toggle-user-status-edit toggle-user-status-edit " aria-haspopup="dialog" role="menuitem" data-hydro-click="{&quot;event_type&quot;:&quot;user_profile.click&quot;,&quot;payload&quot;:{&quot;profile_user_id&quot;:3807143,&quot;target&quot;:&quot;EDIT_USER_STATUS&quot;,&quot;user_id&quot;:14959876,&quot;client_id&quot;:&quot;1557564735.1565571740&quot;,&quot;originating_request_id&quot;:&quot;D666:1866:F0A0C:1552A7:5D5B85A3&quot;,&quot;originating_url&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/songhuiqing/book/blob/master/%E9%B8%9F%E5%93%A5%E7%9A%84Linux%E7%A7%81%E6%88%BF%E8%8F%9C-%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E7%AF%87(%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%89%88).pdf&quot;,&quot;referrer&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/songhuiqing/book&quot;}}" data-hydro-click-hmac="643c716e16e9c009b0f742fb0e04b0e3cf5a880836cd8f83b3bf612aff7464c2">
      <div class="d-flex">
        <div class="f6 lh-condensed user-status-header
          d-inline-flex
            user-status-limited-availability
          "
>
          <div class="user-status-emoji-container flex-shrink-0 mr-1  " style="margin-top: 2px;">
            <div><img class="emoji" title=":atom:" alt=":atom:" src="https://github.githubassets.com/images/icons/emoji/atom.png" height="20" width="20" align="absmiddle"></div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="
          
          
           css-truncate css-truncate-target 
           user-status-message-wrapper f6"
           style="line-height: 20px;" >
          <div class="d-inline-block text-gray-dark v-align-text-top text-left">
              <div class="ws-normal text-gray-dark text-bold f6">
                  IOT
              </div>
                <span>扫描关注个人微信公众号</span>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
</summary>    <details-dialog class="details-dialog rounded-1 anim-fade-in fast Box Box--overlay" role="dialog" tabindex="-1">
      <!-- '"` --><!-- </textarea></xmp> --></option></form><form class="position-relative flex-auto js-user-status-form" action="/users/status?compact=1&amp;link_mentions=0&amp;truncate=1" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="&#x2713;" /><input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="lnCXQXlGp6JpSp8ciKJY0Ye7kSaGGPwnpec6IXnMmvSpEA4tqROZZUraPgTk6l7btQEvCWjNN3vtgp+AKeXozg==" />
        <div class="Box-header bg-gray border-bottom p-3">
          <button class="Box-btn-octicon js-toggle-user-status-edit btn-octicon float-right" type="reset" aria-label="Close dialog" data-close-dialog>
            <svg class="octicon octicon-x" viewBox="0 0 12 16" version="1.1" width="12" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.48 8l3.75 3.75-1.48 1.48L6 9.48l-3.75 3.75-1.48-1.48L4.52 8 .77 4.25l1.48-1.48L6 6.52l3.75-3.75 1.48 1.48L7.48 8z"/></svg>
          </button>
          <h3 class="Box-title f5 text-bold text-gray-dark">Edit status</h3>
        </div>
        <input type="hidden" name="emoji" class="js-user-status-emoji-field" value=":atom:">
        <input type="hidden" name="organization_id" class="js-user-status-org-id-field" value="MDEyOk9yZ2FuaXphdGlvbjI5OTIzOTEw">
        <div class="px-3 py-2 text-gray-dark">
          <div class="js-characters-remaining-container position-relative mt-2">
            <div class="input-group d-table form-group my-0 js-user-status-form-group">
              <span class="input-group-button d-table-cell v-align-middle" style="width: 1%">
                <button type="button" aria-label="Choose an emoji" class="btn-outline btn js-toggle-user-status-emoji-picker btn-open-emoji-picker p-0">
                  <span class="js-user-status-original-emoji" hidden><div><img class="emoji" title=":atom:" alt=":atom:" src="https://github.githubassets.com/images/icons/emoji/atom.png" height="20" width="20" align="absmiddle"></div></span>
                  <span class="js-user-status-custom-emoji"><div><img class="emoji" title=":atom:" alt=":atom:" src="https://github.githubassets.com/images/icons/emoji/atom.png" height="20" width="20" align="absmiddle"></div></span>
                  <span class="js-user-status-no-emoji-icon" hidden>
                    <svg class="octicon octicon-smiley" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8s3.58 8 8 8 8-3.58 8-8-3.58-8-8-8zm4.81 12.81a6.72 6.72 0 0 1-2.17 1.45c-.83.36-1.72.53-2.64.53-.92 0-1.81-.17-2.64-.53-.81-.34-1.55-.83-2.17-1.45a6.773 6.773 0 0 1-1.45-2.17A6.59 6.59 0 0 1 1.21 8c0-.92.17-1.81.53-2.64.34-.81.83-1.55 1.45-2.17.62-.62 1.36-1.11 2.17-1.45A6.59 6.59 0 0 1 8 1.21c.92 0 1.81.17 2.64.53.81.34 1.55.83 2.17 1.45.62.62 1.11 1.36 1.45 2.17.36.83.53 1.72.53 2.64 0 .92-.17 1.81-.53 2.64-.34.81-.83 1.55-1.45 2.17zM4 6.8v-.59c0-.66.53-1.19 1.2-1.19h.59c.66 0 1.19.53 1.19 1.19v.59c0 .67-.53 1.2-1.19 1.2H5.2C4.53 8 4 7.47 4 6.8zm5 0v-.59c0-.66.53-1.19 1.2-1.19h.59c.66 0 1.19.53 1.19 1.19v.59c0 .67-.53 1.2-1.19 1.2h-.59C9.53 8 9 7.47 9 6.8zm4 3.2c-.72 1.88-2.91 3-5 3s-4.28-1.13-5-3c-.14-.39.23-1 .66-1h8.59c.41 0 .89.61.75 1z"/></svg>
                  </span>
                </button>
              </span>
              <text-expander keys=": @" data-mention-url="/suggestions?global_id=MDEyOk9yZ2FuaXphdGlvbjI5OTIzOTEw&amp;mention_suggester=1" data-emoji-url="/autocomplete/emoji">
                <input
                  type="text"
                  autocomplete="off"
                  data-no-org-url="/autocomplete/user-suggestions"
                  data-org-url="/suggestions?mention_suggester=1"
                  data-maxlength="80"
                  class="d-table-cell width-full form-control js-user-status-message-field js-characters-remaining-field"
                  placeholder="What's happening?"
                  name="message"
                  value="扫描关注个人微信公众号"
                  aria-label="What is your current status?">
              </text-expander>
              <div class="error">Could not update your status, please try again.</div>
            </div>
            <div style="margin-left: 53px" class="my-1 text-small label-characters-remaining js-characters-remaining" data-suffix="remaining" hidden>
              80 remaining
            </div>
          </div>
          <include-fragment class="js-user-status-emoji-picker" data-url="/users/status/emoji"></include-fragment>
          <div class="overflow-auto ml-n3 mr-n3 px-3 border-bottom" style="max-height: 33vh">
            <div class="user-status-suggestions js-user-status-suggestions collapsed overflow-hidden">
              <h4 class="f6 text-normal my-3">Suggestions:</h4>
              <div class="mx-3 mt-2 clearfix">
                  <div class="float-left col-6">
                      <button type="button" value=":palm_tree:" class="d-flex flex-items-baseline flex-items-stretch lh-condensed f6 btn-link link-gray no-underline js-predefined-user-status mb-1">
                        <div class="emoji-status-width mr-2 v-align-middle js-predefined-user-status-emoji">
                          <g-emoji alias="palm_tree" fallback-src="https://github.githubassets.com/images/icons/emoji/unicode/1f334.png">🌴</g-emoji>
                        </div>
                        <div class="d-flex flex-items-center no-underline js-predefined-user-status-message ws-normal text-left" style="border-left: 1px solid transparent">
                          On vacation
                        </div>
                      </button>
                      <button type="button" value=":face_with_thermometer:" class="d-flex flex-items-baseline flex-items-stretch lh-condensed f6 btn-link link-gray no-underline js-predefined-user-status mb-1">
                        <div class="emoji-status-width mr-2 v-align-middle js-predefined-user-status-emoji">
                          <g-emoji alias="face_with_thermometer" fallback-src="https://github.githubassets.com/images/icons/emoji/unicode/1f912.png">🤒</g-emoji>
                        </div>
                        <div class="d-flex flex-items-center no-underline js-predefined-user-status-message ws-normal text-left" style="border-left: 1px solid transparent">
                          Out sick
                        </div>
                      </button>
                  </div>
                  <div class="float-left col-6">
                      <button type="button" value=":house:" class="d-flex flex-items-baseline flex-items-stretch lh-condensed f6 btn-link link-gray no-underline js-predefined-user-status mb-1">
                        <div class="emoji-status-width mr-2 v-align-middle js-predefined-user-status-emoji">
                          <g-emoji alias="house" fallback-src="https://github.githubassets.com/images/icons/emoji/unicode/1f3e0.png">🏠</g-emoji>
                        </div>
                        <div class="d-flex flex-items-center no-underline js-predefined-user-status-message ws-normal text-left" style="border-left: 1px solid transparent">
                          Working from home
                        </div>
                      </button>
                      <button type="button" value=":dart:" class="d-flex flex-items-baseline flex-items-stretch lh-condensed f6 btn-link link-gray no-underline js-predefined-user-status mb-1">
                        <div class="emoji-status-width mr-2 v-align-middle js-predefined-user-status-emoji">
                          <g-emoji alias="dart" fallback-src="https://github.githubassets.com/images/icons/emoji/unicode/1f3af.png">🎯</g-emoji>
                        </div>
                        <div class="d-flex flex-items-center no-underline js-predefined-user-status-message ws-normal text-left" style="border-left: 1px solid transparent">
                          Focusing
                        </div>
                      </button>
                  </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="user-status-limited-availability-container">
              <div class="form-checkbox my-0">
                <input type="checkbox" name="limited_availability" value="1" class="js-user-status-limited-availability-checkbox" data-default-message="I may be slow to respond." aria-describedby="limited-availability-help-text-truncate-true-compact-true" id="limited-availability-truncate-true-compact-true" checked>
                <label class="d-block f5 text-gray-dark mb-1" for="limited-availability-truncate-true-compact-true">
                  Busy
                </label>
                <p class="note" id="limited-availability-help-text-truncate-true-compact-true">
                  When others mention you, assign you, or request your review,
                  GitHub will let them know that you have limited availability.
                </p>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
            

<div class="d-inline-block f5 mr-2 pt-3 pb-2" >
  <div class="d-inline-block mr-1">
    Clear status
  </div>

  <details class="js-user-status-expire-drop-down f6 dropdown details-reset details-overlay d-inline-block mr-2">
    <summary class="f5 btn-link link-gray-dark border px-2 py-1 rounded-1" aria-haspopup="true">
      <div class="js-user-status-expiration-interval-selected d-inline-block v-align-baseline">
        Never
      </div>
      <div class="dropdown-caret"></div>
    </summary>

    <ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-se pl-0 overflow-auto" style="width: 220px; max-height: 15.5em">
      <li>
        <button type="button" class="btn-link dropdown-item js-user-status-expire-button ws-normal" title="Never">
          <span class="d-inline-block text-bold mb-1">Never</span>
          <div class="f6 lh-condensed">Keep this status until you clear your status or edit your status.</div>
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      </li>
      <li class="dropdown-divider" role="none"></li>
        <li>
          <button type="button" class="btn-link dropdown-item ws-normal js-user-status-expire-button" title="in 30 minutes" value="2019-08-20T14:01:32+08:00">
            in 30 minutes
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        <li>
          <button type="button" class="btn-link dropdown-item ws-normal js-user-status-expire-button" title="in 1 hour" value="2019-08-20T14:31:32+08:00">
            in 1 hour
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        <li>
          <button type="button" class="btn-link dropdown-item ws-normal js-user-status-expire-button" title="in 4 hours" value="2019-08-20T17:31:32+08:00">
            in 4 hours
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        </li>
        <li>
          <button type="button" class="btn-link dropdown-item ws-normal js-user-status-expire-button" title="today" value="2019-08-20T23:59:59+08:00">
            today
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        <li>
          <button type="button" class="btn-link dropdown-item ws-normal js-user-status-expire-button" title="this week" value="2019-08-25T23:59:59+08:00">
            this week
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  <input class="js-user-status-expiration-date-input" type="hidden" name="expires_at" value="">
</div>

          <include-fragment class="js-user-status-org-picker" data-url="/users/status/organizations"></include-fragment>
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        <div class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between p-3 border-top">
          <button type="submit"  class="width-full btn btn-primary mr-2 js-user-status-submit">
            Set status
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          <button type="button"  class="width-full js-clear-user-status-button btn ml-2 js-user-status-exists">
            Clear status
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        </div>
</form>    </details-dialog>
  </details>
</div>

      </div>
      <div role="none" class="dropdown-divider"></div>


    <a role="menuitem" class="dropdown-item" href="/Tinywan" data-ga-click="Header, go to profile, text:your profile">Your profile</a>


    <a role="menuitem" class="dropdown-item" href="/Tinywan?tab=repositories" data-ga-click="Header, go to repositories, text:your repositories">Your repositories</a>

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    <a role="menuitem" class="dropdown-item" href="/Tinywan?tab=stars" data-ga-click="Header, go to starred repos, text:your stars">Your stars</a>
      <a role="menuitem" class="dropdown-item" href="https://gist.github.com/mine" data-ga-click="Header, your gists, text:your gists">Your gists</a>


    <div role="none" class="dropdown-divider"></div>
    <a role="menuitem" class="dropdown-item" href="https://help.github.com" data-ga-click="Header, go to help, text:help">Help</a>
    <a role="menuitem" class="dropdown-item" href="/settings/profile" data-ga-click="Header, go to settings, icon:settings">Settings</a>
    <!-- '"` --><!-- </textarea></xmp> --></option></form><form class="logout-form" action="/logout" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="&#x2713;" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="0AJO1mGtjeygpWnpy3TLEDbJH/J98x1esjMwS5ExsxTzrBp6Cawa+Ihkrb2OwIg5GZOjO/3X8ApU1guter4NzQ==" />
      
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        Sign out
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</form>  </details-menu>
</details>

    </div>

  </header>

      
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  <div id="start-of-content" class="show-on-focus"></div>


    <div id="js-flash-container">

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  <div class="application-main " data-commit-hovercards-enabled>
        <div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/SoftwareSourceCode" class="">
    <main  >
      

  <div class="pagehead repohead instapaper_ignore readability-menu experiment-repo-nav pt-0 pt-lg-4 ">
    <div class="repohead-details-container clearfix container-lg p-responsive d-none d-lg-block">

      <ul class="pagehead-actions">


    <li hidden>
      <include-fragment src="/songhuiqing/book/used_by_count">
</include-fragment>
    </li>

  <li>
    
    <!-- '"` --><!-- </textarea></xmp> --></option></form><form data-remote="true" class="clearfix js-social-form js-social-container" action="/notifications/subscribe" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="&#x2713;" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="q9/+9qQJFdSycRCs97SXSoxSVEPWQL3ih5gOyCKwWCkvPQvDt0/IHSi9/NmhbUSgt/2TnpZCWK0fYJLa+wNVVQ==" />      <input type="hidden" name="repository_id" value="127068365">

      <details class="details-reset details-overlay select-menu float-left">
        <summary class="select-menu-button float-left btn btn-sm btn-with-count" data-hydro-click="{&quot;event_type&quot;:&quot;repository.click&quot;,&quot;payload&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:&quot;WATCH_BUTTON&quot;,&quot;repository_id&quot;:127068365,&quot;client_id&quot;:&quot;1557564735.1565571740&quot;,&quot;originating_request_id&quot;:&quot;D666:1866:F0A0C:1552A7:5D5B85A3&quot;,&quot;originating_url&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/songhuiqing/book/blob/master/%E9%B8%9F%E5%93%A5%E7%9A%84Linux%E7%A7%81%E6%88%BF%E8%8F%9C-%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E7%AF%87(%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%89%88).pdf&quot;,&quot;referrer&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/songhuiqing/book&quot;,&quot;user_id&quot;:14959876}}" data-hydro-click-hmac="d3e0649acec0a2f821e15231e3c70fd8fe35f684f31029dd2b6fd0f76d3846e5" data-ga-click="Repository, click Watch settings, action:blob#show">          <span data-menu-button>
              <svg class="octicon octicon-eye v-align-text-bottom" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M8.06 2C3 2 0 8 0 8s3 6 8.06 6C13 14 16 8 16 8s-3-6-7.94-6zM8 12c-2.2 0-4-1.78-4-4 0-2.2 1.8-4 4-4 2.22 0 4 1.8 4 4 0 2.22-1.78 4-4 4zm2-4c0 1.11-.89 2-2 2-1.11 0-2-.89-2-2 0-1.11.89-2 2-2 1.11 0 2 .89 2 2z"/></svg>
              Watch
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</summary>        <details-menu
          class="select-menu-modal position-absolute mt-5"
          style="z-index: 99;">
          <div class="select-menu-header">
            <span class="select-menu-title">Notifications</span>
          </div>
          <div class="select-menu-list">
            <button type="submit" name="do" value="included" class="select-menu-item width-full" aria-checked="true" role="menuitemradio">
              <svg class="octicon octicon-check select-menu-item-icon" viewBox="0 0 12 16" version="1.1" width="12" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M12 5l-8 8-4-4 1.5-1.5L4 10l6.5-6.5L12 5z"/></svg>
              <div class="select-menu-item-text">
                <span class="select-menu-item-heading">Not watching</span>
                <span class="description">Be notified only when participating or @mentioned.</span>
                <span class="hidden-select-button-text" data-menu-button-contents>
                  <svg class="octicon octicon-eye v-align-text-bottom" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M8.06 2C3 2 0 8 0 8s3 6 8.06 6C13 14 16 8 16 8s-3-6-7.94-6zM8 12c-2.2 0-4-1.78-4-4 0-2.2 1.8-4 4-4 2.22 0 4 1.8 4 4 0 2.22-1.78 4-4 4zm2-4c0 1.11-.89 2-2 2-1.11 0-2-.89-2-2 0-1.11.89-2 2-2 1.11 0 2 .89 2 2z"/></svg>
                  Watch
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              </div>
            </button>

            <button type="submit" name="do" value="release_only" class="select-menu-item width-full" aria-checked="false" role="menuitemradio">
              <svg class="octicon octicon-check select-menu-item-icon" viewBox="0 0 12 16" version="1.1" width="12" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M12 5l-8 8-4-4 1.5-1.5L4 10l6.5-6.5L12 5z"/></svg>
              <div class="select-menu-item-text">
                <span class="select-menu-item-heading">Releases only</span>
                <span class="description">Be notified of new releases, and when participating or @mentioned.</span>
                <span class="hidden-select-button-text" data-menu-button-contents>
                  <svg class="octicon octicon-eye v-align-text-bottom" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M8.06 2C3 2 0 8 0 8s3 6 8.06 6C13 14 16 8 16 8s-3-6-7.94-6zM8 12c-2.2 0-4-1.78-4-4 0-2.2 1.8-4 4-4 2.22 0 4 1.8 4 4 0 2.22-1.78 4-4 4zm2-4c0 1.11-.89 2-2 2-1.11 0-2-.89-2-2 0-1.11.89-2 2-2 1.11 0 2 .89 2 2z"/></svg>
                  Unwatch releases
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              </div>
            </button>

            <button type="submit" name="do" value="subscribed" class="select-menu-item width-full" aria-checked="false" role="menuitemradio">
              <svg class="octicon octicon-check select-menu-item-icon" viewBox="0 0 12 16" version="1.1" width="12" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M12 5l-8 8-4-4 1.5-1.5L4 10l6.5-6.5L12 5z"/></svg>
              <div class="select-menu-item-text">
                <span class="select-menu-item-heading">Watching</span>
                <span class="description">Be notified of all conversations.</span>
                <span class="hidden-select-button-text" data-menu-button-contents>
                  <svg class="octicon octicon-eye v-align-text-bottom" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M8.06 2C3 2 0 8 0 8s3 6 8.06 6C13 14 16 8 16 8s-3-6-7.94-6zM8 12c-2.2 0-4-1.78-4-4 0-2.2 1.8-4 4-4 2.22 0 4 1.8 4 4 0 2.22-1.78 4-4 4zm2-4c0 1.11-.89 2-2 2-1.11 0-2-.89-2-2 0-1.11.89-2 2-2 1.11 0 2 .89 2 2z"/></svg>
                  Unwatch
                </span>
              </div>
            </button>

            <button type="submit" name="do" value="ignore" class="select-menu-item width-full" aria-checked="false" role="menuitemradio">
              <svg class="octicon octicon-check select-menu-item-icon" viewBox="0 0 12 16" version="1.1" width="12" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M12 5l-8 8-4-4 1.5-1.5L4 10l6.5-6.5L12 5z"/></svg>
              <div class="select-menu-item-text">
                <span class="select-menu-item-heading">Ignoring</span>
                <span class="description">Never be notified.</span>
                <span class="hidden-select-button-text" data-menu-button-contents>
                  <svg class="octicon octicon-mute v-align-text-bottom" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M8 2.81v10.38c0 .67-.81 1-1.28.53L3 10H1c-.55 0-1-.45-1-1V7c0-.55.45-1 1-1h2l3.72-3.72C7.19 1.81 8 2.14 8 2.81zm7.53 3.22l-1.06-1.06-1.97 1.97-1.97-1.97-1.06 1.06L11.44 8 9.47 9.97l1.06 1.06 1.97-1.97 1.97 1.97 1.06-1.06L13.56 8l1.97-1.97z"/></svg>
                  Stop ignoring
                </span>
              </div>
            </button>
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        </details-menu>
      </details>
        <a class="social-count js-social-count"
          href="/songhuiqing/book/watchers"
          aria-label="29 users are watching this repository">
          29
        </a>
</form>
  </li>

  <li>
      <div class="js-toggler-container js-social-container starring-container ">
    <!-- '"` --><!-- </textarea></xmp> --></option></form><form class="starred js-social-form" action="/songhuiqing/book/unstar" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="&#x2713;" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="0M1dOwlJxJLcFsvjW5j2fk+haKi88hFu6y8oWBYMlJkj/wKEQzSjOSmUKB71JPJOSU6dXGZ+epd8WyEiNltqXw==" />
      <input type="hidden" name="context" value="repository"></input>
      <button type="submit" class="btn btn-sm btn-with-count js-toggler-target" aria-label="Unstar this repository" title="Unstar songhuiqing/book" data-hydro-click="{&quot;event_type&quot;:&quot;repository.click&quot;,&quot;payload&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:&quot;UNSTAR_BUTTON&quot;,&quot;repository_id&quot;:127068365,&quot;client_id&quot;:&quot;1557564735.1565571740&quot;,&quot;originating_request_id&quot;:&quot;D666:1866:F0A0C:1552A7:5D5B85A3&quot;,&quot;originating_url&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/songhuiqing/book/blob/master/%E9%B8%9F%E5%93%A5%E7%9A%84Linux%E7%A7%81%E6%88%BF%E8%8F%9C-%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E7%AF%87(%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%89%88).pdf&quot;,&quot;referrer&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/songhuiqing/book&quot;,&quot;user_id&quot;:14959876}}" data-hydro-click-hmac="ce07b1a4e1d9f6627f55a254c2cf6f8c14e4dd7a8bed4c3a8dad56e3ce5992e8" data-ga-click="Repository, click unstar button, action:blob#show; text:Unstar">        <svg class="octicon octicon-star v-align-text-bottom" viewBox="0 0 14 16" version="1.1" width="14" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M14 6l-4.9-.64L7 1 4.9 5.36 0 6l3.6 3.26L2.67 14 7 11.67 11.33 14l-.93-4.74L14 6z"/></svg>
        Unstar
</button>        <a class="social-count js-social-count" href="/songhuiqing/book/stargazers"
           aria-label="646 users starred this repository">
           646
        </a>
</form>
    <!-- '"` --><!-- </textarea></xmp> --></option></form><form class="unstarred js-social-form" action="/songhuiqing/book/star" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="&#x2713;" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="JWtZE8JEDrfvc3ZxgNKMTIcLOwnF9IAjl9IePlJkQzeBgSsqh52lelYOT81SvdwnrzcaHcPqpBLYU4UeHc+KWg==" />
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      <button type="submit" class="btn btn-sm btn-with-count js-toggler-target" aria-label="Unstar this repository" title="Star songhuiqing/book" data-hydro-click="{&quot;event_type&quot;:&quot;repository.click&quot;,&quot;payload&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:&quot;STAR_BUTTON&quot;,&quot;repository_id&quot;:127068365,&quot;client_id&quot;:&quot;1557564735.1565571740&quot;,&quot;originating_request_id&quot;:&quot;D666:1866:F0A0C:1552A7:5D5B85A3&quot;,&quot;originating_url&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/songhuiqing/book/blob/master/%E9%B8%9F%E5%93%A5%E7%9A%84Linux%E7%A7%81%E6%88%BF%E8%8F%9C-%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E7%AF%87(%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%89%88).pdf&quot;,&quot;referrer&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/songhuiqing/book&quot;,&quot;user_id&quot;:14959876}}" data-hydro-click-hmac="60bf363fc71c63c34ff36bacb22a39f91848e435c8cb1819d7d84509c48e8db5" data-ga-click="Repository, click star button, action:blob#show; text:Star">        <svg class="octicon octicon-star v-align-text-bottom" viewBox="0 0 14 16" version="1.1" width="14" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M14 6l-4.9-.64L7 1 4.9 5.36 0 6l3.6 3.26L2.67 14 7 11.67 11.33 14l-.93-4.74L14 6z"/></svg>
        Star
</button>        <a class="social-count js-social-count" href="/songhuiqing/book/stargazers"
           aria-label="646 users starred this repository">
          646
        </a>
</form>  </div>

  </li>

  <li>
          <details class="details-reset details-overlay details-overlay-dark d-inline-block float-left">
            <summary class="btn btn-sm btn-with-count" data-hydro-click="{&quot;event_type&quot;:&quot;repository.click&quot;,&quot;payload&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:&quot;FORK_BUTTON&quot;,&quot;repository_id&quot;:127068365,&quot;client_id&quot;:&quot;1557564735.1565571740&quot;,&quot;originating_request_id&quot;:&quot;D666:1866:F0A0C:1552A7:5D5B85A3&quot;,&quot;originating_url&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/songhuiqing/book/blob/master/%E9%B8%9F%E5%93%A5%E7%9A%84Linux%E7%A7%81%E6%88%BF%E8%8F%9C-%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E7%AF%87(%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%89%88).pdf&quot;,&quot;referrer&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/songhuiqing/book&quot;,&quot;user_id&quot;:14959876}}" data-hydro-click-hmac="5c0f289a1befc4c71a5d6c1edb492ee4e1f7afed159e70c7a740afd8fa0c959b" data-ga-click="Repository, show fork modal, action:blob#show; text:Fork" title="Fork your own copy of songhuiqing/book to your account">              <svg class="octicon octicon-repo-forked v-align-text-bottom" viewBox="0 0 10 16" version="1.1" width="10" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M8 1a1.993 1.993 0 0 0-1 3.72V6L5 8 3 6V4.72A1.993 1.993 0 0 0 2 1a1.993 1.993 0 0 0-1 3.72V6.5l3 3v1.78A1.993 1.993 0 0 0 5 15a1.993 1.993 0 0 0 1-3.72V9.5l3-3V4.72A1.993 1.993 0 0 0 8 1zM2 4.2C1.34 4.2.8 3.65.8 3c0-.65.55-1.2 1.2-1.2.65 0 1.2.55 1.2 1.2 0 .65-.55 1.2-1.2 1.2zm3 10c-.66 0-1.2-.55-1.2-1.2 0-.65.55-1.2 1.2-1.2.65 0 1.2.55 1.2 1.2 0 .65-.55 1.2-1.2 1.2zm3-10c-.66 0-1.2-.55-1.2-1.2 0-.65.55-1.2 1.2-1.2.65 0 1.2.55 1.2 1.2 0 .65-.55 1.2-1.2 1.2z"/></svg>
              Fork
</summary>            <details-dialog
              class="anim-fade-in fast Box Box--overlay d-flex flex-column"
              src="/songhuiqing/book/fork?fragment=1"
              preload>
              <div class="Box-header">
                <button class="Box-btn-octicon btn-octicon float-right" type="button" aria-label="Close dialog" data-close-dialog>
                  <svg class="octicon octicon-x" viewBox="0 0 12 16" version="1.1" width="12" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.48 8l3.75 3.75-1.48 1.48L6 9.48l-3.75 3.75-1.48-1.48L4.52 8 .77 4.25l1.48-1.48L6 6.52l3.75-3.75 1.48 1.48L7.48 8z"/></svg>
                </button>
                <h3 class="Box-title">Fork book</h3>
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              <div class="overflow-auto text-center">
                <include-fragment>
                  <div class="octocat-spinner my-3" aria-label="Loading..."></div>
                  <p class="f5 text-gray">If this dialog fails to load, you can visit <a href="/songhuiqing/book/fork">the fork page</a> directly.</p>
                </include-fragment>
              </div>
            </details-dialog>
          </details>

    <a href="/songhuiqing/book/network/members" class="social-count"
       aria-label="243 users forked this repository">
      243
    </a>
  </li>
</ul>

      <h1 class="public ">
    <svg class="octicon octicon-repo" viewBox="0 0 12 16" version="1.1" width="12" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9H3V8h1v1zm0-3H3v1h1V6zm0-2H3v1h1V4zm0-2H3v1h1V2zm8-1v12c0 .55-.45 1-1 1H6v2l-1.5-1.5L3 16v-2H1c-.55 0-1-.45-1-1V1c0-.55.45-1 1-1h10c.55 0 1 .45 1 1zm-1 10H1v2h2v-1h3v1h5v-2zm0-10H2v9h9V1z"/></svg>
  <span class="author" itemprop="author"><a class="url fn" rel="author" data-hovercard-type="user" data-hovercard-url="/hovercards?user_id=3807143" data-octo-click="hovercard-link-click" data-octo-dimensions="link_type:self" href="/songhuiqing">songhuiqing</a></span><!--
--><span class="path-divider">/</span><!--
--><strong itemprop="name"><a data-pjax="#js-repo-pjax-container" href="/songhuiqing/book">book</a></strong>
  

</h1>

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<nav class="hx_reponav reponav js-repo-nav js-sidenav-container-pjax container-lg p-responsive d-none d-lg-block"
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